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0x8E6a858b53a237EEA6A16f3917f939B78B92aF45

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Contract Source Code Verified (Exact Match)

Contract Name:
BitcoinDepositor

Compiler Version
v0.8.24+commit.e11b9ed9

Optimization Enabled:
Yes with 1000 runs

Other Settings:
paris EvmVersion

Contract Source Code (Solidity Standard Json-Input format)

File 1 of 30 : BitcoinDepositor.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
pragma solidity 0.8.24;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/access/Ownable2StepUpgradeable.sol";
import {SafeERC20} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
import {IERC20} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import {Math} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/Math.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/SafeCast.sol";

import "@keep-network/tbtc-v2/contracts/integrator/AbstractTBTCDepositor.sol";

import {stBTC} from "./stBTC.sol";

/// @title Bitcoin Depositor contract.
/// @notice The contract integrates Acre depositing with tBTC minting.
///         User who wants to deposit BTC in Acre should submit a Bitcoin transaction
///         to the most recently created off-chain ECDSA wallets of the tBTC Bridge
///         using pay-to-script-hash (P2SH) or pay-to-witness-script-hash (P2WSH)
///         containing hashed information about this Depositor contract address,
///         and deposit owner's Ethereum address.
///         Then, the deposit owner initiates tBTC minting by revealing their Ethereum
///         address along with their deposit blinding factor, refund public key
///         hash and refund locktime on the tBTC Bridge through this Depositor
///         contract.
///         The off-chain ECDSA wallet and Optimistic Minting bots listen for these
///         sorts of messages and when they get one, they check the Bitcoin network
///         to make sure the deposit lines up. Majority of tBTC minting is finalized
///         by the Optimistic Minting process, where Minter bot initializes
///         minting process and if there is no veto from the Guardians, the
///         process is finalized and tBTC minted to the Depositor address. If
///         the revealed deposit is not handled by the Optimistic Minting process
///         the off-chain ECDSA wallet may decide to pick the deposit transaction
///         for sweeping, and when the sweep operation is confirmed on the Bitcoin
///         network, the tBTC Bridge and tBTC vault mint the tBTC token to the
///         Depositor address. After tBTC is minted to the Depositor, on the deposit
///         finalization tBTC is deposited in Acre and stBTC shares are emitted
///         to the deposit owner.
contract BitcoinDepositor is AbstractTBTCDepositor, Ownable2StepUpgradeable {
    using SafeERC20 for IERC20;

    /// @notice Reflects the deposit state:
    ///         - Unknown deposit has not been initialized yet.
    ///         - Initialized deposit has been initialized with a call to
    ///           `initializeDeposit` function and is known to this contract.
    ///         - Finalized deposit led to tBTC ERC20 minting and was finalized
    ///           with a call to `finalizeDeposit` function that deposited tBTC
    ///           to the stBTC contract.
    enum DepositState {
        Unknown,
        Initialized,
        Finalized
    }

    /// @notice Holds the deposit state, keyed by the deposit key calculated for
    ///         the individual deposit during the call to `initializeDeposit`
    ///         function.
    mapping(uint256 => DepositState) public deposits;

    /// @notice tBTC Token contract.
    IERC20 public tbtcToken;

    /// @notice stBTC contract.
    stBTC public stbtc;

    /// @notice Minimum amount of a single deposit (in tBTC token precision).
    /// @dev This parameter should be set to a value exceeding the minimum deposit
    ///      amount supported by the tBTC Bridge.
    uint256 public minDepositAmount;

    /// @notice Divisor used to compute the depositor fee taken from each deposit
    ///         and transferred to the treasury upon deposit finalization.
    /// @dev That fee is computed as follows:
    ///      `depositorFee = depositedAmount / depositorFeeDivisor`
    ///       for example, if the depositor fee needs to be 2% of each deposit,
    ///       the `depositorFeeDivisor` should be set to `50` because
    ///       `1/50 = 0.02 = 2%`.
    uint64 public depositorFeeDivisor;

    /// @notice Emitted when a deposit is initialized.
    /// @dev Deposit details can be fetched from {{ Bridge.DepositRevealed }}
    ///      event emitted in the same transaction.
    /// @param depositKey Deposit key identifying the deposit.
    /// @param caller Address that initialized the deposit.
    /// @param depositOwner The address to which the stBTC shares will be minted.
    /// @param initialAmount Amount of funding transaction.
    event DepositInitialized(
        uint256 indexed depositKey,
        address indexed caller,
        address indexed depositOwner,
        uint256 initialAmount
    );

    /// @notice Emitted when a deposit is finalized.
    /// @dev Deposit details can be fetched from {{ ERC4626.Deposit }}
    ///      event emitted in the same transaction.
    /// @param depositKey Deposit key identifying the deposit.
    /// @param caller Address that finalized the deposit.
    /// @param referral Data used for referral program.
    /// @param initialAmount Amount of funding transaction.
    /// @param bridgedAmount Amount of tBTC tokens that was bridged by the tBTC bridge.
    /// @param depositorFee Depositor fee amount.
    event DepositFinalized(
        uint256 indexed depositKey,
        address indexed caller,
        uint16 indexed referral,
        uint256 initialAmount,
        uint256 bridgedAmount,
        uint256 depositorFee
    );

    /// @notice Emitted when a minimum single deposit amount is updated.
    /// @param minDepositAmount New value of the minimum single deposit
    ///        amount (in tBTC token precision).
    event MinDepositAmountUpdated(uint256 minDepositAmount);

    /// @notice Emitted when a depositor fee divisor is updated.
    /// @param depositorFeeDivisor New value of the depositor fee divisor.
    event DepositorFeeDivisorUpdated(uint64 depositorFeeDivisor);

    /// Reverts if the tBTC Token address is zero.
    error TbtcTokenZeroAddress();

    /// Reverts if the stBTC address is zero.
    error StbtcZeroAddress();

    /// @dev Deposit owner address is zero.
    error DepositOwnerIsZeroAddress();

    /// @dev Attempted to execute function for deposit in unexpected current state.
    error UnexpectedDepositState(
        DepositState actualState,
        DepositState expectedState
    );

    /// @dev Calculated depositor fee exceeds the amount of minted tBTC tokens.
    error DepositorFeeExceedsBridgedAmount(
        uint256 depositorFee,
        uint256 bridgedAmount
    );

    /// @dev Attempted to set minimum deposit amount to a value lower than the
    ///      tBTC Bridge deposit dust threshold.
    error MinDepositAmountLowerThanBridgeMinDeposit(
        uint256 minDepositAmount,
        uint256 bridgeMinDepositAmount
    );

    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
    constructor() {
        _disableInitializers();
    }

    /// @notice Bitcoin Depositor contract initializer.
    /// @param bridge tBTC Bridge contract instance.
    /// @param tbtcVault tBTC Vault contract instance.
    /// @param _tbtcToken tBTC token contract instance.
    /// @param _stbtc stBTC contract instance.
    function initialize(
        address bridge,
        address tbtcVault,
        address _tbtcToken,
        address _stbtc
    ) public initializer {
        __AbstractTBTCDepositor_initialize(bridge, tbtcVault);
        __Ownable2Step_init();
        __Ownable_init(msg.sender);

        if (address(_tbtcToken) == address(0)) {
            revert TbtcTokenZeroAddress();
        }
        if (address(_stbtc) == address(0)) {
            revert StbtcZeroAddress();
        }

        tbtcToken = IERC20(_tbtcToken);
        stbtc = stBTC(_stbtc);

        minDepositAmount = 0.015 * 1e18; // 0.015 BTC
        depositorFeeDivisor = 1000; // 1/1000 == 10bps == 0.1% == 0.001
    }

    /// @notice This function allows depositing process initialization for a Bitcoin
    ///         deposit made by an user with a P2(W)SH transaction. It uses the
    ///         supplied information to reveal a deposit to the tBTC Bridge contract.
    /// @dev Requirements:
    ///      - The revealed vault address must match the TBTCVault address,
    ///      - All requirements from {Bridge#revealDepositWithExtraData}
    ///        function must be met.
    ///      - `depositOwner` must be the deposit owner address used in the P2(W)SH BTC
    ///        deposit transaction as part of the extra data.
    ///      - `referral` must be the referral info used in the P2(W)SH BTC
    ///        deposit transaction as part of the extra data.
    ///      - BTC deposit for the given `fundingTxHash`, `fundingOutputIndex`
    ///        can be revealed only one time.
    /// @param fundingTx Bitcoin funding transaction data, see `IBridgeTypes.BitcoinTxInfo`.
    /// @param reveal Deposit reveal data, see `IBridgeTypes.DepositRevealInfo`.
    /// @param depositOwner The address to which the stBTC shares will be minted.
    /// @param referral Data used for referral program.
    function initializeDeposit(
        IBridgeTypes.BitcoinTxInfo calldata fundingTx,
        IBridgeTypes.DepositRevealInfo calldata reveal,
        address depositOwner,
        uint16 referral
    ) external {
        if (depositOwner == address(0)) revert DepositOwnerIsZeroAddress();

        // We don't check if the request was already initialized, as this check
        // is enforced in `_initializeDeposit` when calling the
        // `Bridge.revealDepositWithExtraData` function.
        (uint256 depositKey, uint256 initialAmount) = _initializeDeposit(
            fundingTx,
            reveal,
            encodeExtraData(depositOwner, referral)
        );

        // Validate current deposit state.
        if (deposits[depositKey] != DepositState.Unknown)
            revert UnexpectedDepositState(
                deposits[depositKey],
                DepositState.Unknown
            );

        // Transition to a new state.
        deposits[depositKey] = DepositState.Initialized;

        emit DepositInitialized(
            depositKey,
            msg.sender,
            depositOwner,
            initialAmount
        );
    }

    /// @notice This function should be called for previously initialized deposit
    ///         request, after tBTC minting process completed, meaning tBTC was
    ///         minted to this contract.
    /// @dev It calculates the amount to deposit based on the approximate minted
    ///      tBTC amount reduced by the depositor fee.
    /// @dev IMPORTANT NOTE: The minted tBTC amount used by this function is an
    ///      approximation. See documentation of the
    ///      {{AbstractTBTCDepositor#_calculateTbtcAmount}} responsible for calculating
    ///      this value for more details.
    /// @param depositKey Deposit key identifying the deposit.
    function finalizeDeposit(uint256 depositKey) external {
        // Validate current deposit state.
        if (deposits[depositKey] != DepositState.Initialized)
            revert UnexpectedDepositState(
                deposits[depositKey],
                DepositState.Initialized
            );

        // Transition to a new state.
        deposits[depositKey] = DepositState.Finalized;

        (
            uint256 initialAmount,
            uint256 tbtcAmount,
            bytes32 extraData
        ) = _finalizeDeposit(depositKey);

        // Compute depositor fee. The fee is calculated based on the initial funding
        // transaction amount, before the tBTC protocol network fees were taken.
        uint256 depositorFee = depositorFeeDivisor > 0
            ? Math.ceilDiv(initialAmount, depositorFeeDivisor)
            : 0;

        // Ensure the depositor fee does not exceed the approximate minted tBTC
        // amount.
        if (depositorFee >= tbtcAmount) {
            revert DepositorFeeExceedsBridgedAmount(depositorFee, tbtcAmount);
        }

        // Transfer depositor fee to the treasury wallet.
        if (depositorFee > 0) {
            tbtcToken.safeTransfer(stbtc.treasury(), depositorFee);
        }

        (address depositOwner, uint16 referral) = decodeExtraData(extraData);

        emit DepositFinalized(
            depositKey,
            msg.sender,
            referral,
            initialAmount,
            tbtcAmount,
            depositorFee
        );

        uint256 amountToDeposit = tbtcAmount - depositorFee;

        // Deposit tBTC in stBTC.
        tbtcToken.safeIncreaseAllowance(address(stbtc), amountToDeposit);
        // slither-disable-next-line unused-return
        stbtc.deposit(amountToDeposit, depositOwner);
    }

    /// @notice Updates the minimum deposit amount.
    /// @dev It requires that the new value is greater or equal to the tBTC Bridge
    ///      deposit dust threshold, to ensure deposit will be able to be bridged.
    /// @param newMinDepositAmount New minimum deposit amount (in tBTC precision).
    function updateMinDepositAmount(
        uint256 newMinDepositAmount
    ) external onlyOwner {
        uint256 minBridgeDepositAmount = _minDepositAmount();

        // Check if new value is at least equal the tBTC Bridge Deposit Dust Threshold.
        if (newMinDepositAmount < minBridgeDepositAmount)
            revert MinDepositAmountLowerThanBridgeMinDeposit(
                newMinDepositAmount,
                minBridgeDepositAmount
            );

        minDepositAmount = newMinDepositAmount;

        emit MinDepositAmountUpdated(newMinDepositAmount);
    }

    /// @notice Updates the depositor fee divisor.
    /// @param newDepositorFeeDivisor New depositor fee divisor value.
    function updateDepositorFeeDivisor(
        uint64 newDepositorFeeDivisor
    ) external onlyOwner {
        depositorFeeDivisor = newDepositorFeeDivisor;

        emit DepositorFeeDivisorUpdated(newDepositorFeeDivisor);
    }

    /// @notice Encodes deposit owner address and referral as extra data.
    /// @dev Packs the data to bytes32: 20 bytes of deposit owner address and
    ///      2 bytes of referral, 10 bytes of trailing zeros.
    /// @param depositOwner The address to which the stBTC shares will be minted.
    /// @param referral Data used for referral program.
    /// @return Encoded extra data.
    function encodeExtraData(
        address depositOwner,
        uint16 referral
    ) public pure returns (bytes32) {
        return bytes32(abi.encodePacked(depositOwner, referral));
    }

    /// @notice Decodes deposit owner address and referral from extra data.
    /// @dev Unpacks the data from bytes32: 20 bytes of deposit owner address and
    ///      2 bytes of referral, 10 bytes of trailing zeros.
    /// @param extraData Encoded extra data.
    /// @return depositOwner The address to which the stBTC shares will be minted.
    /// @return referral Data used for referral program.
    function decodeExtraData(
        bytes32 extraData
    ) public pure returns (address depositOwner, uint16 referral) {
        // First 20 bytes of extra data is deposit owner address.
        depositOwner = address(uint160(bytes20(extraData)));
        // Next 2 bytes of extra data is referral info.
        referral = uint16(bytes2(extraData << (8 * 20)));
    }
}

File 2 of 30 : BTCUtils.sol
pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

/** @title BitcoinSPV */
/** @author Summa (https://summa.one) */

import {BytesLib} from "./BytesLib.sol";
import {SafeMath} from "./SafeMath.sol";

library BTCUtils {
    using BytesLib for bytes;
    using SafeMath for uint256;

    // The target at minimum Difficulty. Also the target of the genesis block
    uint256 public constant DIFF1_TARGET = 0xffff0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000;

    uint256 public constant RETARGET_PERIOD = 2 * 7 * 24 * 60 * 60;  // 2 weeks in seconds
    uint256 public constant RETARGET_PERIOD_BLOCKS = 2016;  // 2 weeks in blocks

    uint256 public constant ERR_BAD_ARG = 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff;

    /* ***** */
    /* UTILS */
    /* ***** */

    /// @notice         Determines the length of a VarInt in bytes
    /// @dev            A VarInt of >1 byte is prefixed with a flag indicating its length
    /// @param _flag    The first byte of a VarInt
    /// @return         The number of non-flag bytes in the VarInt
    function determineVarIntDataLength(bytes memory _flag) internal pure returns (uint8) {
        return determineVarIntDataLengthAt(_flag, 0);
    }

    /// @notice         Determines the length of a VarInt in bytes
    /// @dev            A VarInt of >1 byte is prefixed with a flag indicating its length
    /// @param _b       The byte array containing a VarInt
    /// @param _at      The position of the VarInt in the array
    /// @return         The number of non-flag bytes in the VarInt
    function determineVarIntDataLengthAt(bytes memory _b, uint256 _at) internal pure returns (uint8) {
        if (uint8(_b[_at]) == 0xff) {
            return 8;  // one-byte flag, 8 bytes data
        }
        if (uint8(_b[_at]) == 0xfe) {
            return 4;  // one-byte flag, 4 bytes data
        }
        if (uint8(_b[_at]) == 0xfd) {
            return 2;  // one-byte flag, 2 bytes data
        }

        return 0;  // flag is data
    }

    /// @notice     Parse a VarInt into its data length and the number it represents
    /// @dev        Useful for Parsing Vins and Vouts. Returns ERR_BAD_ARG if insufficient bytes.
    ///             Caller SHOULD explicitly handle this case (or bubble it up)
    /// @param _b   A byte-string starting with a VarInt
    /// @return     number of bytes in the encoding (not counting the tag), the encoded int
    function parseVarInt(bytes memory _b) internal pure returns (uint256, uint256) {
        return parseVarIntAt(_b, 0);
    }

    /// @notice     Parse a VarInt into its data length and the number it represents
    /// @dev        Useful for Parsing Vins and Vouts. Returns ERR_BAD_ARG if insufficient bytes.
    ///             Caller SHOULD explicitly handle this case (or bubble it up)
    /// @param _b   A byte-string containing a VarInt
    /// @param _at  The position of the VarInt
    /// @return     number of bytes in the encoding (not counting the tag), the encoded int
    function parseVarIntAt(bytes memory _b, uint256 _at) internal pure returns (uint256, uint256) {
        uint8 _dataLen = determineVarIntDataLengthAt(_b, _at);

        if (_dataLen == 0) {
            return (0, uint8(_b[_at]));
        }
        if (_b.length < 1 + _dataLen + _at) {
            return (ERR_BAD_ARG, 0);
        }
        uint256 _number;
        if (_dataLen == 2) {
            _number = reverseUint16(uint16(_b.slice2(1 + _at)));
        } else if (_dataLen == 4) {
            _number = reverseUint32(uint32(_b.slice4(1 + _at)));
        } else if (_dataLen == 8) {
            _number = reverseUint64(uint64(_b.slice8(1 + _at)));
        }
        return (_dataLen, _number);
    }

    /// @notice          Changes the endianness of a byte array
    /// @dev             Returns a new, backwards, bytes
    /// @param _b        The bytes to reverse
    /// @return          The reversed bytes
    function reverseEndianness(bytes memory _b) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        bytes memory _newValue = new bytes(_b.length);

        for (uint i = 0; i < _b.length; i++) {
            _newValue[_b.length - i - 1] = _b[i];
        }

        return _newValue;
    }

    /// @notice          Changes the endianness of a uint256
    /// @dev             https://graphics.stanford.edu/~seander/bithacks.html#ReverseParallel
    /// @param _b        The unsigned integer to reverse
    /// @return v        The reversed value
    function reverseUint256(uint256 _b) internal pure returns (uint256 v) {
        v = _b;

        // swap bytes
        v = ((v >> 8) & 0x00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF) |
            ((v & 0x00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF00FF) << 8);
        // swap 2-byte long pairs
        v = ((v >> 16) & 0x0000FFFF0000FFFF0000FFFF0000FFFF0000FFFF0000FFFF0000FFFF0000FFFF) |
            ((v & 0x0000FFFF0000FFFF0000FFFF0000FFFF0000FFFF0000FFFF0000FFFF0000FFFF) << 16);
        // swap 4-byte long pairs
        v = ((v >> 32) & 0x00000000FFFFFFFF00000000FFFFFFFF00000000FFFFFFFF00000000FFFFFFFF) |
            ((v & 0x00000000FFFFFFFF00000000FFFFFFFF00000000FFFFFFFF00000000FFFFFFFF) << 32);
        // swap 8-byte long pairs
        v = ((v >> 64) & 0x0000000000000000FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF0000000000000000FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) |
            ((v & 0x0000000000000000FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF0000000000000000FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) << 64);
        // swap 16-byte long pairs
        v = (v >> 128) | (v << 128);
    }

    /// @notice          Changes the endianness of a uint64
    /// @param _b        The unsigned integer to reverse
    /// @return v        The reversed value
    function reverseUint64(uint64 _b) internal pure returns (uint64 v) {
        v = _b;

        // swap bytes
        v = ((v >> 8) & 0x00FF00FF00FF00FF) |
            ((v & 0x00FF00FF00FF00FF) << 8);
        // swap 2-byte long pairs
        v = ((v >> 16) & 0x0000FFFF0000FFFF) |
            ((v & 0x0000FFFF0000FFFF) << 16);
        // swap 4-byte long pairs
        v = (v >> 32) | (v << 32);
    }

    /// @notice          Changes the endianness of a uint32
    /// @param _b        The unsigned integer to reverse
    /// @return v        The reversed value
    function reverseUint32(uint32 _b) internal pure returns (uint32 v) {
        v = _b;

        // swap bytes
        v = ((v >> 8) & 0x00FF00FF) |
            ((v & 0x00FF00FF) << 8);
        // swap 2-byte long pairs
        v = (v >> 16) | (v << 16);
    }

    /// @notice          Changes the endianness of a uint24
    /// @param _b        The unsigned integer to reverse
    /// @return v        The reversed value
    function reverseUint24(uint24 _b) internal pure returns (uint24 v) {
        v =  (_b << 16) | (_b & 0x00FF00) | (_b >> 16);
    }

    /// @notice          Changes the endianness of a uint16
    /// @param _b        The unsigned integer to reverse
    /// @return v        The reversed value
    function reverseUint16(uint16 _b) internal pure returns (uint16 v) {
        v =  (_b << 8) | (_b >> 8);
    }


    /// @notice          Converts big-endian bytes to a uint
    /// @dev             Traverses the byte array and sums the bytes
    /// @param _b        The big-endian bytes-encoded integer
    /// @return          The integer representation
    function bytesToUint(bytes memory _b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 _number;

        for (uint i = 0; i < _b.length; i++) {
            _number = _number + uint8(_b[i]) * (2 ** (8 * (_b.length - (i + 1))));
        }

        return _number;
    }

    /// @notice          Get the last _num bytes from a byte array
    /// @param _b        The byte array to slice
    /// @param _num      The number of bytes to extract from the end
    /// @return          The last _num bytes of _b
    function lastBytes(bytes memory _b, uint256 _num) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        uint256 _start = _b.length.sub(_num);

        return _b.slice(_start, _num);
    }

    /// @notice          Implements bitcoin's hash160 (rmd160(sha2()))
    /// @dev             abi.encodePacked changes the return to bytes instead of bytes32
    /// @param _b        The pre-image
    /// @return          The digest
    function hash160(bytes memory _b) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        return abi.encodePacked(ripemd160(abi.encodePacked(sha256(_b))));
    }

    /// @notice          Implements bitcoin's hash160 (sha2 + ripemd160)
    /// @dev             sha2 precompile at address(2), ripemd160 at address(3)
    /// @param _b        The pre-image
    /// @return res      The digest
    function hash160View(bytes memory _b) internal view returns (bytes20 res) {
        // solium-disable-next-line security/no-inline-assembly
        assembly {
            pop(staticcall(gas(), 2, add(_b, 32), mload(_b), 0x00, 32))
            pop(staticcall(gas(), 3, 0x00, 32, 0x00, 32))
            // read from position 12 = 0c
            res := mload(0x0c)
        }
    }

    /// @notice          Implements bitcoin's hash256 (double sha2)
    /// @dev             abi.encodePacked changes the return to bytes instead of bytes32
    /// @param _b        The pre-image
    /// @return          The digest
    function hash256(bytes memory _b) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return sha256(abi.encodePacked(sha256(_b)));
    }

    /// @notice          Implements bitcoin's hash256 (double sha2)
    /// @dev             sha2 is precompiled smart contract located at address(2)
    /// @param _b        The pre-image
    /// @return res      The digest
    function hash256View(bytes memory _b) internal view returns (bytes32 res) {
        // solium-disable-next-line security/no-inline-assembly
        assembly {
            pop(staticcall(gas(), 2, add(_b, 32), mload(_b), 0x00, 32))
            pop(staticcall(gas(), 2, 0x00, 32, 0x00, 32))
            res := mload(0x00)
        }
    }

    /// @notice          Implements bitcoin's hash256 on a pair of bytes32
    /// @dev             sha2 is precompiled smart contract located at address(2)
    /// @param _a        The first bytes32 of the pre-image
    /// @param _b        The second bytes32 of the pre-image
    /// @return res      The digest
    function hash256Pair(bytes32 _a, bytes32 _b) internal view returns (bytes32 res) {
        // solium-disable-next-line security/no-inline-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x00, _a)
            mstore(0x20, _b)
            pop(staticcall(gas(), 2, 0x00, 64, 0x00, 32))
            pop(staticcall(gas(), 2, 0x00, 32, 0x00, 32))
            res := mload(0x00)
        }
    }

    /// @notice          Implements bitcoin's hash256 (double sha2)
    /// @dev             sha2 is precompiled smart contract located at address(2)
    /// @param _b        The array containing the pre-image
    /// @param at        The start of the pre-image
    /// @param len       The length of the pre-image
    /// @return res      The digest
    function hash256Slice(
        bytes memory _b,
        uint256 at,
        uint256 len
    ) internal view returns (bytes32 res) {
        // solium-disable-next-line security/no-inline-assembly
        assembly {
            pop(staticcall(gas(), 2, add(_b, add(32, at)), len, 0x00, 32))
            pop(staticcall(gas(), 2, 0x00, 32, 0x00, 32))
            res := mload(0x00)
        }
    }

    /* ************ */
    /* Legacy Input */
    /* ************ */

    /// @notice          Extracts the nth input from the vin (0-indexed)
    /// @dev             Iterates over the vin. If you need to extract several, write a custom function
    /// @param _vin      The vin as a tightly-packed byte array
    /// @param _index    The 0-indexed location of the input to extract
    /// @return          The input as a byte array
    function extractInputAtIndex(bytes memory _vin, uint256 _index) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        uint256 _varIntDataLen;
        uint256 _nIns;

        (_varIntDataLen, _nIns) = parseVarInt(_vin);
        require(_varIntDataLen != ERR_BAD_ARG, "Read overrun during VarInt parsing");
        require(_index < _nIns, "Vin read overrun");

        uint256 _len = 0;
        uint256 _offset = 1 + _varIntDataLen;

        for (uint256 _i = 0; _i < _index; _i ++) {
            _len = determineInputLengthAt(_vin, _offset);
            require(_len != ERR_BAD_ARG, "Bad VarInt in scriptSig");
            _offset = _offset + _len;
        }

        _len = determineInputLengthAt(_vin, _offset);
        require(_len != ERR_BAD_ARG, "Bad VarInt in scriptSig");
        return _vin.slice(_offset, _len);
    }

    /// @notice          Determines whether an input is legacy
    /// @dev             False if no scriptSig, otherwise True
    /// @param _input    The input
    /// @return          True for legacy, False for witness
    function isLegacyInput(bytes memory _input) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return _input[36] != hex"00";
    }

    /// @notice          Determines the length of a scriptSig in an input
    /// @dev             Will return 0 if passed a witness input.
    /// @param _input    The LEGACY input
    /// @return          The length of the script sig
    function extractScriptSigLen(bytes memory _input) internal pure returns (uint256, uint256) {
        return extractScriptSigLenAt(_input, 0);
    }

    /// @notice          Determines the length of a scriptSig in an input
    ///                  starting at the specified position
    /// @dev             Will return 0 if passed a witness input.
    /// @param _input    The byte array containing the LEGACY input
    /// @param _at       The position of the input in the array
    /// @return          The length of the script sig
    function extractScriptSigLenAt(bytes memory _input, uint256 _at) internal pure returns (uint256, uint256) {
        if (_input.length < 37 + _at) {
            return (ERR_BAD_ARG, 0);
        }

        uint256 _varIntDataLen;
        uint256 _scriptSigLen;
        (_varIntDataLen, _scriptSigLen) = parseVarIntAt(_input, _at + 36);

        return (_varIntDataLen, _scriptSigLen);
    }

    /// @notice          Determines the length of an input from its scriptSig
    /// @dev             36 for outpoint, 1 for scriptSig length, 4 for sequence
    /// @param _input    The input
    /// @return          The length of the input in bytes
    function determineInputLength(bytes memory _input) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return determineInputLengthAt(_input, 0);
    }

    /// @notice          Determines the length of an input from its scriptSig,
    ///                  starting at the specified position
    /// @dev             36 for outpoint, 1 for scriptSig length, 4 for sequence
    /// @param _input    The byte array containing the input
    /// @param _at       The position of the input in the array
    /// @return          The length of the input in bytes
    function determineInputLengthAt(bytes memory _input, uint256 _at) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 _varIntDataLen;
        uint256 _scriptSigLen;
        (_varIntDataLen, _scriptSigLen) = extractScriptSigLenAt(_input, _at);
        if (_varIntDataLen == ERR_BAD_ARG) {
            return ERR_BAD_ARG;
        }

        return 36 + 1 + _varIntDataLen + _scriptSigLen + 4;
    }

    /// @notice          Extracts the LE sequence bytes from an input
    /// @dev             Sequence is used for relative time locks
    /// @param _input    The LEGACY input
    /// @return          The sequence bytes (LE uint)
    function extractSequenceLELegacy(bytes memory _input) internal pure returns (bytes4) {
        uint256 _varIntDataLen;
        uint256 _scriptSigLen;
        (_varIntDataLen, _scriptSigLen) = extractScriptSigLen(_input);
        require(_varIntDataLen != ERR_BAD_ARG, "Bad VarInt in scriptSig");
        return _input.slice4(36 + 1 + _varIntDataLen + _scriptSigLen);
    }

    /// @notice          Extracts the sequence from the input
    /// @dev             Sequence is a 4-byte little-endian number
    /// @param _input    The LEGACY input
    /// @return          The sequence number (big-endian uint)
    function extractSequenceLegacy(bytes memory _input) internal pure returns (uint32) {
        uint32 _leSeqence = uint32(extractSequenceLELegacy(_input));
        uint32 _beSequence = reverseUint32(_leSeqence);
        return _beSequence;
    }
    /// @notice          Extracts the VarInt-prepended scriptSig from the input in a tx
    /// @dev             Will return hex"00" if passed a witness input
    /// @param _input    The LEGACY input
    /// @return          The length-prepended scriptSig
    function extractScriptSig(bytes memory _input) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        uint256 _varIntDataLen;
        uint256 _scriptSigLen;
        (_varIntDataLen, _scriptSigLen) = extractScriptSigLen(_input);
        require(_varIntDataLen != ERR_BAD_ARG, "Bad VarInt in scriptSig");
        return _input.slice(36, 1 + _varIntDataLen + _scriptSigLen);
    }


    /* ************* */
    /* Witness Input */
    /* ************* */

    /// @notice          Extracts the LE sequence bytes from an input
    /// @dev             Sequence is used for relative time locks
    /// @param _input    The WITNESS input
    /// @return          The sequence bytes (LE uint)
    function extractSequenceLEWitness(bytes memory _input) internal pure returns (bytes4) {
        return _input.slice4(37);
    }

    /// @notice          Extracts the sequence from the input in a tx
    /// @dev             Sequence is a 4-byte little-endian number
    /// @param _input    The WITNESS input
    /// @return          The sequence number (big-endian uint)
    function extractSequenceWitness(bytes memory _input) internal pure returns (uint32) {
        uint32 _leSeqence = uint32(extractSequenceLEWitness(_input));
        uint32 _inputeSequence = reverseUint32(_leSeqence);
        return _inputeSequence;
    }

    /// @notice          Extracts the outpoint from the input in a tx
    /// @dev             32-byte tx id with 4-byte index
    /// @param _input    The input
    /// @return          The outpoint (LE bytes of prev tx hash + LE bytes of prev tx index)
    function extractOutpoint(bytes memory _input) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        return _input.slice(0, 36);
    }

    /// @notice          Extracts the outpoint tx id from an input
    /// @dev             32-byte tx id
    /// @param _input    The input
    /// @return          The tx id (little-endian bytes)
    function extractInputTxIdLE(bytes memory _input) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return _input.slice32(0);
    }

    /// @notice          Extracts the outpoint tx id from an input
    ///                  starting at the specified position
    /// @dev             32-byte tx id
    /// @param _input    The byte array containing the input
    /// @param _at       The position of the input
    /// @return          The tx id (little-endian bytes)
    function extractInputTxIdLeAt(bytes memory _input, uint256 _at) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return _input.slice32(_at);
    }

    /// @notice          Extracts the LE tx input index from the input in a tx
    /// @dev             4-byte tx index
    /// @param _input    The input
    /// @return          The tx index (little-endian bytes)
    function extractTxIndexLE(bytes memory _input) internal pure returns (bytes4) {
        return _input.slice4(32);
    }

    /// @notice          Extracts the LE tx input index from the input in a tx
    ///                  starting at the specified position
    /// @dev             4-byte tx index
    /// @param _input    The byte array containing the input
    /// @param _at       The position of the input
    /// @return          The tx index (little-endian bytes)
    function extractTxIndexLeAt(bytes memory _input, uint256 _at) internal pure returns (bytes4) {
        return _input.slice4(32 + _at);
    }

    /* ****** */
    /* Output */
    /* ****** */

    /// @notice          Determines the length of an output
    /// @dev             Works with any properly formatted output
    /// @param _output   The output
    /// @return          The length indicated by the prefix, error if invalid length
    function determineOutputLength(bytes memory _output) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return determineOutputLengthAt(_output, 0);
    }

    /// @notice          Determines the length of an output
    ///                  starting at the specified position
    /// @dev             Works with any properly formatted output
    /// @param _output   The byte array containing the output
    /// @param _at       The position of the output
    /// @return          The length indicated by the prefix, error if invalid length
    function determineOutputLengthAt(bytes memory _output, uint256 _at) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (_output.length < 9 + _at) {
            return ERR_BAD_ARG;
        }
        uint256 _varIntDataLen;
        uint256 _scriptPubkeyLength;
        (_varIntDataLen, _scriptPubkeyLength) = parseVarIntAt(_output, 8 + _at);

        if (_varIntDataLen == ERR_BAD_ARG) {
            return ERR_BAD_ARG;
        }

        // 8-byte value, 1-byte for tag itself
        return 8 + 1 + _varIntDataLen + _scriptPubkeyLength;
    }

    /// @notice          Extracts the output at a given index in the TxOuts vector
    /// @dev             Iterates over the vout. If you need to extract multiple, write a custom function
    /// @param _vout     The _vout to extract from
    /// @param _index    The 0-indexed location of the output to extract
    /// @return          The specified output
    function extractOutputAtIndex(bytes memory _vout, uint256 _index) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        uint256 _varIntDataLen;
        uint256 _nOuts;

        (_varIntDataLen, _nOuts) = parseVarInt(_vout);
        require(_varIntDataLen != ERR_BAD_ARG, "Read overrun during VarInt parsing");
        require(_index < _nOuts, "Vout read overrun");

        uint256 _len = 0;
        uint256 _offset = 1 + _varIntDataLen;

        for (uint256 _i = 0; _i < _index; _i ++) {
            _len = determineOutputLengthAt(_vout, _offset);
            require(_len != ERR_BAD_ARG, "Bad VarInt in scriptPubkey");
            _offset += _len;
        }

        _len = determineOutputLengthAt(_vout, _offset);
        require(_len != ERR_BAD_ARG, "Bad VarInt in scriptPubkey");
        return _vout.slice(_offset, _len);
    }

    /// @notice          Extracts the value bytes from the output in a tx
    /// @dev             Value is an 8-byte little-endian number
    /// @param _output   The output
    /// @return          The output value as LE bytes
    function extractValueLE(bytes memory _output) internal pure returns (bytes8) {
        return _output.slice8(0);
    }

    /// @notice          Extracts the value from the output in a tx
    /// @dev             Value is an 8-byte little-endian number
    /// @param _output   The output
    /// @return          The output value
    function extractValue(bytes memory _output) internal pure returns (uint64) {
        uint64 _leValue = uint64(extractValueLE(_output));
        uint64 _beValue = reverseUint64(_leValue);
        return _beValue;
    }

    /// @notice          Extracts the value from the output in a tx
    /// @dev             Value is an 8-byte little-endian number
    /// @param _output   The byte array containing the output
    /// @param _at       The starting index of the output in the array
    /// @return          The output value
    function extractValueAt(bytes memory _output, uint256 _at) internal pure returns (uint64) {
        uint64 _leValue = uint64(_output.slice8(_at));
        uint64 _beValue = reverseUint64(_leValue);
        return _beValue;
    }

    /// @notice          Extracts the data from an op return output
    /// @dev             Returns hex"" if no data or not an op return
    /// @param _output   The output
    /// @return          Any data contained in the opreturn output, null if not an op return
    function extractOpReturnData(bytes memory _output) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (_output[9] != hex"6a") {
            return hex"";
        }
        bytes1 _dataLen = _output[10];
        return _output.slice(11, uint256(uint8(_dataLen)));
    }

    /// @notice          Extracts the hash from the output script
    /// @dev             Determines type by the length prefix and validates format
    /// @param _output   The output
    /// @return          The hash committed to by the pk_script, or null for errors
    function extractHash(bytes memory _output) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        return extractHashAt(_output, 8, _output.length - 8);
    }

    /// @notice          Extracts the hash from the output script
    /// @dev             Determines type by the length prefix and validates format
    /// @param _output   The byte array containing the output
    /// @param _at       The starting index of the output script in the array
    ///                  (output start + 8)
    /// @param _len      The length of the output script
    ///                  (output length - 8)
    /// @return          The hash committed to by the pk_script, or null for errors
    function extractHashAt(
        bytes memory _output,
        uint256 _at,
        uint256 _len
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        uint8 _scriptLen = uint8(_output[_at]);

        // don't have to worry about overflow here.
        // if _scriptLen + 1 overflows, then output length would have to be < 1
        // for this check to pass. if it's < 1, then we errored when assigning
        // _scriptLen
        if (_scriptLen + 1 != _len) {
            return hex"";
        }

        if (uint8(_output[_at + 1]) == 0) {
            if (_scriptLen < 2) {
                return hex"";
            }
            uint256 _payloadLen = uint8(_output[_at + 2]);
            // Check for maliciously formatted witness outputs.
            // No need to worry about underflow as long b/c of the `< 2` check
            if (_payloadLen != _scriptLen - 2 || (_payloadLen != 0x20 && _payloadLen != 0x14)) {
                return hex"";
            }
            return _output.slice(_at + 3, _payloadLen);
        } else {
            bytes3 _tag = _output.slice3(_at);
            // p2pkh
            if (_tag == hex"1976a9") {
                // Check for maliciously formatted p2pkh
                // No need to worry about underflow, b/c of _scriptLen check
                if (uint8(_output[_at + 3]) != 0x14 ||
                    _output.slice2(_at + _len - 2) != hex"88ac") {
                    return hex"";
                }
                return _output.slice(_at + 4, 20);
            //p2sh
            } else if (_tag == hex"17a914") {
                // Check for maliciously formatted p2sh
                // No need to worry about underflow, b/c of _scriptLen check
                if (uint8(_output[_at + _len - 1]) != 0x87) {
                    return hex"";
                }
                return _output.slice(_at + 3, 20);
            }
        }
        return hex"";  /* NB: will trigger on OPRETURN and any non-standard that doesn't overrun */
    }

    /* ********** */
    /* Witness TX */
    /* ********** */


    /// @notice      Checks that the vin passed up is properly formatted
    /// @dev         Consider a vin with a valid vout in its scriptsig
    /// @param _vin  Raw bytes length-prefixed input vector
    /// @return      True if it represents a validly formatted vin
    function validateVin(bytes memory _vin) internal pure returns (bool) {
        uint256 _varIntDataLen;
        uint256 _nIns;

        (_varIntDataLen, _nIns) = parseVarInt(_vin);

        // Not valid if it says there are too many or no inputs
        if (_nIns == 0 || _varIntDataLen == ERR_BAD_ARG) {
            return false;
        }

        uint256 _offset = 1 + _varIntDataLen;

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < _nIns; i++) {
            // If we're at the end, but still expect more
            if (_offset >= _vin.length) {
                return false;
            }

            // Grab the next input and determine its length.
            uint256 _nextLen = determineInputLengthAt(_vin, _offset);
            if (_nextLen == ERR_BAD_ARG) {
                return false;
            }

            // Increase the offset by that much
            _offset += _nextLen;
        }

        // Returns false if we're not exactly at the end
        return _offset == _vin.length;
    }

    /// @notice      Checks that the vout passed up is properly formatted
    /// @dev         Consider a vout with a valid scriptpubkey
    /// @param _vout Raw bytes length-prefixed output vector
    /// @return      True if it represents a validly formatted vout
    function validateVout(bytes memory _vout) internal pure returns (bool) {
        uint256 _varIntDataLen;
        uint256 _nOuts;

        (_varIntDataLen, _nOuts) = parseVarInt(_vout);

        // Not valid if it says there are too many or no outputs
        if (_nOuts == 0 || _varIntDataLen == ERR_BAD_ARG) {
            return false;
        }

        uint256 _offset = 1 + _varIntDataLen;

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < _nOuts; i++) {
            // If we're at the end, but still expect more
            if (_offset >= _vout.length) {
                return false;
            }

            // Grab the next output and determine its length.
            // Increase the offset by that much
            uint256 _nextLen = determineOutputLengthAt(_vout, _offset);
            if (_nextLen == ERR_BAD_ARG) {
                return false;
            }

            _offset += _nextLen;
        }

        // Returns false if we're not exactly at the end
        return _offset == _vout.length;
    }



    /* ************ */
    /* Block Header */
    /* ************ */

    /// @notice          Extracts the transaction merkle root from a block header
    /// @dev             Use verifyHash256Merkle to verify proofs with this root
    /// @param _header   The header
    /// @return          The merkle root (little-endian)
    function extractMerkleRootLE(bytes memory _header) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return _header.slice32(36);
    }

    /// @notice          Extracts the target from a block header
    /// @dev             Target is a 256-bit number encoded as a 3-byte mantissa and 1-byte exponent
    /// @param _header   The header
    /// @return          The target threshold
    function extractTarget(bytes memory _header) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return extractTargetAt(_header, 0);
    }

    /// @notice          Extracts the target from a block header
    /// @dev             Target is a 256-bit number encoded as a 3-byte mantissa and 1-byte exponent
    /// @param _header   The array containing the header
    /// @param at        The start of the header
    /// @return          The target threshold
    function extractTargetAt(bytes memory _header, uint256 at) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint24 _m = uint24(_header.slice3(72 + at));
        uint8 _e = uint8(_header[75 + at]);
        uint256 _mantissa = uint256(reverseUint24(_m));
        uint _exponent = _e - 3;

        return _mantissa * (256 ** _exponent);
    }

    /// @notice          Calculate difficulty from the difficulty 1 target and current target
    /// @dev             Difficulty 1 is 0x1d00ffff on mainnet and testnet
    /// @dev             Difficulty 1 is a 256-bit number encoded as a 3-byte mantissa and 1-byte exponent
    /// @param _target   The current target
    /// @return          The block difficulty (bdiff)
    function calculateDifficulty(uint256 _target) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // Difficulty 1 calculated from 0x1d00ffff
        return DIFF1_TARGET.div(_target);
    }

    /// @notice          Extracts the previous block's hash from a block header
    /// @dev             Block headers do NOT include block number :(
    /// @param _header   The header
    /// @return          The previous block's hash (little-endian)
    function extractPrevBlockLE(bytes memory _header) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return _header.slice32(4);
    }

    /// @notice          Extracts the previous block's hash from a block header
    /// @dev             Block headers do NOT include block number :(
    /// @param _header   The array containing the header
    /// @param at        The start of the header
    /// @return          The previous block's hash (little-endian)
    function extractPrevBlockLEAt(
        bytes memory _header,
        uint256 at
    ) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return _header.slice32(4 + at);
    }

    /// @notice          Extracts the timestamp from a block header
    /// @dev             Time is not 100% reliable
    /// @param _header   The header
    /// @return          The timestamp (little-endian bytes)
    function extractTimestampLE(bytes memory _header) internal pure returns (bytes4) {
        return _header.slice4(68);
    }

    /// @notice          Extracts the timestamp from a block header
    /// @dev             Time is not 100% reliable
    /// @param _header   The header
    /// @return          The timestamp (uint)
    function extractTimestamp(bytes memory _header) internal pure returns (uint32) {
        return reverseUint32(uint32(extractTimestampLE(_header)));
    }

    /// @notice          Extracts the expected difficulty from a block header
    /// @dev             Does NOT verify the work
    /// @param _header   The header
    /// @return          The difficulty as an integer
    function extractDifficulty(bytes memory _header) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return calculateDifficulty(extractTarget(_header));
    }

    /// @notice          Concatenates and hashes two inputs for merkle proving
    /// @param _a        The first hash
    /// @param _b        The second hash
    /// @return          The double-sha256 of the concatenated hashes
    function _hash256MerkleStep(bytes memory _a, bytes memory _b) internal view returns (bytes32) {
        return hash256View(abi.encodePacked(_a, _b));
    }

    /// @notice          Concatenates and hashes two inputs for merkle proving
    /// @param _a        The first hash
    /// @param _b        The second hash
    /// @return          The double-sha256 of the concatenated hashes
    function _hash256MerkleStep(bytes32 _a, bytes32 _b) internal view returns (bytes32) {
        return hash256Pair(_a, _b);
    }


    /// @notice          Verifies a Bitcoin-style merkle tree
    /// @dev             Leaves are 0-indexed. Inefficient version.
    /// @param _proof    The proof. Tightly packed LE sha256 hashes. The last hash is the root
    /// @param _index    The index of the leaf
    /// @return          true if the proof is valid, else false
    function verifyHash256Merkle(bytes memory _proof, uint _index) internal view returns (bool) {
        // Not an even number of hashes
        if (_proof.length % 32 != 0) {
            return false;
        }

        // Special case for coinbase-only blocks
        if (_proof.length == 32) {
            return true;
        }

        // Should never occur
        if (_proof.length == 64) {
            return false;
        }

        bytes32 _root = _proof.slice32(_proof.length - 32);
        bytes32 _current = _proof.slice32(0);
        bytes memory _tree = _proof.slice(32, _proof.length - 64);

        return verifyHash256Merkle(_current, _tree, _root, _index);
    }

    /// @notice          Verifies a Bitcoin-style merkle tree
    /// @dev             Leaves are 0-indexed. Efficient version.
    /// @param _leaf     The leaf of the proof. LE sha256 hash.
    /// @param _tree     The intermediate nodes in the proof.
    ///                  Tightly packed LE sha256 hashes.
    /// @param _root     The root of the proof. LE sha256 hash.
    /// @param _index    The index of the leaf
    /// @return          true if the proof is valid, else false
    function verifyHash256Merkle(
        bytes32 _leaf,
        bytes memory _tree,
        bytes32 _root,
        uint _index
    ) internal view returns (bool) {
        // Not an even number of hashes
        if (_tree.length % 32 != 0) {
            return false;
        }

        // Should never occur
        if (_tree.length == 0) {
            return false;
        }

        uint _idx = _index;
        bytes32 _current = _leaf;

        // i moves in increments of 32
        for (uint i = 0; i < _tree.length; i += 32) {
            if (_idx % 2 == 1) {
                _current = _hash256MerkleStep(_tree.slice32(i), _current);
            } else {
                _current = _hash256MerkleStep(_current, _tree.slice32(i));
            }
            _idx = _idx >> 1;
        }
        return _current == _root;
    }

    /*
    NB: https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/78dae8caccd82cfbfd76557f1fb7d7557c7b5edb/src/pow.cpp#L49-L72
    NB: We get a full-bitlength target from this. For comparison with
        header-encoded targets we need to mask it with the header target
        e.g. (full & truncated) == truncated
    */
    /// @notice                 performs the bitcoin difficulty retarget
    /// @dev                    implements the Bitcoin algorithm precisely
    /// @param _previousTarget  the target of the previous period
    /// @param _firstTimestamp  the timestamp of the first block in the difficulty period
    /// @param _secondTimestamp the timestamp of the last block in the difficulty period
    /// @return                 the new period's target threshold
    function retargetAlgorithm(
        uint256 _previousTarget,
        uint256 _firstTimestamp,
        uint256 _secondTimestamp
    ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 _elapsedTime = _secondTimestamp.sub(_firstTimestamp);

        // Normalize ratio to factor of 4 if very long or very short
        if (_elapsedTime < RETARGET_PERIOD.div(4)) {
            _elapsedTime = RETARGET_PERIOD.div(4);
        }
        if (_elapsedTime > RETARGET_PERIOD.mul(4)) {
            _elapsedTime = RETARGET_PERIOD.mul(4);
        }

        /*
          NB: high targets e.g. ffff0020 can cause overflows here
              so we divide it by 256**2, then multiply by 256**2 later
              we know the target is evenly divisible by 256**2, so this isn't an issue
        */

        uint256 _adjusted = _previousTarget.div(65536).mul(_elapsedTime);
        return _adjusted.div(RETARGET_PERIOD).mul(65536);
    }
}

File 3 of 30 : BytesLib.sol
pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

/*

https://github.com/GNSPS/solidity-bytes-utils/

This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain.

Anyone is free to copy, modify, publish, use, compile, sell, or
distribute this software, either in source code form or as a compiled
binary, for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial, and by any
means.

In jurisdictions that recognize copyright laws, the author or authors
of this software dedicate any and all copyright interest in the
software to the public domain. We make this dedication for the benefit
of the public at large and to the detriment of our heirs and
successors. We intend this dedication to be an overt act of
relinquishment in perpetuity of all present and future rights to this
software under copyright law.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR
OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

For more information, please refer to <https://unlicense.org>
*/


/** @title BytesLib **/
/** @author https://github.com/GNSPS **/

library BytesLib {
    function concat(bytes memory _preBytes, bytes memory _postBytes) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        bytes memory tempBytes;

        assembly {
            // Get a location of some free memory and store it in tempBytes as
            // Solidity does for memory variables.
            tempBytes := mload(0x40)

            // Store the length of the first bytes array at the beginning of
            // the memory for tempBytes.
            let length := mload(_preBytes)
            mstore(tempBytes, length)

            // Maintain a memory counter for the current write location in the
            // temp bytes array by adding the 32 bytes for the array length to
            // the starting location.
            let mc := add(tempBytes, 0x20)
            // Stop copying when the memory counter reaches the length of the
            // first bytes array.
            let end := add(mc, length)

            for {
                // Initialize a copy counter to the start of the _preBytes data,
                // 32 bytes into its memory.
                let cc := add(_preBytes, 0x20)
            } lt(mc, end) {
                // Increase both counters by 32 bytes each iteration.
                mc := add(mc, 0x20)
                cc := add(cc, 0x20)
            } {
                // Write the _preBytes data into the tempBytes memory 32 bytes
                // at a time.
                mstore(mc, mload(cc))
            }

            // Add the length of _postBytes to the current length of tempBytes
            // and store it as the new length in the first 32 bytes of the
            // tempBytes memory.
            length := mload(_postBytes)
            mstore(tempBytes, add(length, mload(tempBytes)))

            // Move the memory counter back from a multiple of 0x20 to the
            // actual end of the _preBytes data.
            mc := end
            // Stop copying when the memory counter reaches the new combined
            // length of the arrays.
            end := add(mc, length)

            for {
                let cc := add(_postBytes, 0x20)
            } lt(mc, end) {
                mc := add(mc, 0x20)
                cc := add(cc, 0x20)
            } {
                mstore(mc, mload(cc))
            }

            // Update the free-memory pointer by padding our last write location
            // to 32 bytes: add 31 bytes to the end of tempBytes to move to the
            // next 32 byte block, then round down to the nearest multiple of
            // 32. If the sum of the length of the two arrays is zero then add
            // one before rounding down to leave a blank 32 bytes (the length block with 0).
            mstore(0x40, and(
                add(add(end, iszero(add(length, mload(_preBytes)))), 31),
                not(31) // Round down to the nearest 32 bytes.
            ))
        }

        return tempBytes;
    }

    function concatStorage(bytes storage _preBytes, bytes memory _postBytes) internal {
        assembly {
            // Read the first 32 bytes of _preBytes storage, which is the length
            // of the array. (We don't need to use the offset into the slot
            // because arrays use the entire slot.)
            let fslot := sload(_preBytes.slot)
            // Arrays of 31 bytes or less have an even value in their slot,
            // while longer arrays have an odd value. The actual length is
            // the slot divided by two for odd values, and the lowest order
            // byte divided by two for even values.
            // If the slot is even, bitwise and the slot with 255 and divide by
            // two to get the length. If the slot is odd, bitwise and the slot
            // with -1 and divide by two.
            let slength := div(and(fslot, sub(mul(0x100, iszero(and(fslot, 1))), 1)), 2)
            let mlength := mload(_postBytes)
            let newlength := add(slength, mlength)
            // slength can contain both the length and contents of the array
            // if length < 32 bytes so let's prepare for that
            // v. http://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/miscellaneous.html#layout-of-state-variables-in-storage
            switch add(lt(slength, 32), lt(newlength, 32))
            case 2 {
                // Since the new array still fits in the slot, we just need to
                // update the contents of the slot.
                // uint256(bytes_storage) = uint256(bytes_storage) + uint256(bytes_memory) + new_length
                sstore(
                    _preBytes.slot,
                    // all the modifications to the slot are inside this
                    // next block
                    add(
                        // we can just add to the slot contents because the
                        // bytes we want to change are the LSBs
                        fslot,
                        add(
                            mul(
                                div(
                                    // load the bytes from memory
                                    mload(add(_postBytes, 0x20)),
                                    // zero all bytes to the right
                                    exp(0x100, sub(32, mlength))
                        ),
                        // and now shift left the number of bytes to
                        // leave space for the length in the slot
                        exp(0x100, sub(32, newlength))
                        ),
                        // increase length by the double of the memory
                        // bytes length
                        mul(mlength, 2)
                        )
                    )
                )
            }
            case 1 {
                // The stored value fits in the slot, but the combined value
                // will exceed it.
                // get the keccak hash to get the contents of the array
                mstore(0x0, _preBytes.slot)
                let sc := add(keccak256(0x0, 0x20), div(slength, 32))

                // save new length
                sstore(_preBytes.slot, add(mul(newlength, 2), 1))

                // The contents of the _postBytes array start 32 bytes into
                // the structure. Our first read should obtain the `submod`
                // bytes that can fit into the unused space in the last word
                // of the stored array. To get this, we read 32 bytes starting
                // from `submod`, so the data we read overlaps with the array
                // contents by `submod` bytes. Masking the lowest-order
                // `submod` bytes allows us to add that value directly to the
                // stored value.

                let submod := sub(32, slength)
                let mc := add(_postBytes, submod)
                let end := add(_postBytes, mlength)
                let mask := sub(exp(0x100, submod), 1)

                sstore(
                    sc,
                    add(
                        and(
                            fslot,
                            0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff00
                    ),
                    and(mload(mc), mask)
                    )
                )

                for {
                    mc := add(mc, 0x20)
                    sc := add(sc, 1)
                } lt(mc, end) {
                    sc := add(sc, 1)
                    mc := add(mc, 0x20)
                } {
                    sstore(sc, mload(mc))
                }

                mask := exp(0x100, sub(mc, end))

                sstore(sc, mul(div(mload(mc), mask), mask))
            }
            default {
                // get the keccak hash to get the contents of the array
                mstore(0x0, _preBytes.slot)
                // Start copying to the last used word of the stored array.
                let sc := add(keccak256(0x0, 0x20), div(slength, 32))

                // save new length
                sstore(_preBytes.slot, add(mul(newlength, 2), 1))

                // Copy over the first `submod` bytes of the new data as in
                // case 1 above.
                let slengthmod := mod(slength, 32)
                let mlengthmod := mod(mlength, 32)
                let submod := sub(32, slengthmod)
                let mc := add(_postBytes, submod)
                let end := add(_postBytes, mlength)
                let mask := sub(exp(0x100, submod), 1)

                sstore(sc, add(sload(sc), and(mload(mc), mask)))

                for {
                    sc := add(sc, 1)
                    mc := add(mc, 0x20)
                } lt(mc, end) {
                    sc := add(sc, 1)
                    mc := add(mc, 0x20)
                } {
                    sstore(sc, mload(mc))
                }

                mask := exp(0x100, sub(mc, end))

                sstore(sc, mul(div(mload(mc), mask), mask))
            }
        }
    }

    function slice(bytes memory _bytes, uint _start, uint _length) internal  pure returns (bytes memory res) {
        if (_length == 0) {
            return hex"";
        }
        uint _end = _start + _length;
        require(_end > _start && _bytes.length >= _end, "Slice out of bounds");

        assembly {
            // Alloc bytes array with additional 32 bytes afterspace and assign it's size
            res := mload(0x40)
            mstore(0x40, add(add(res, 64), _length))
            mstore(res, _length)

            // Compute distance between source and destination pointers
            let diff := sub(res, add(_bytes, _start))

            for {
                let src := add(add(_bytes, 32), _start)
                let end := add(src, _length)
            } lt(src, end) {
                src := add(src, 32)
            } {
                mstore(add(src, diff), mload(src))
            }
        }
    }

    /// @notice Take a slice of the byte array, overwriting the destination.
    /// The length of the slice will equal the length of the destination array.
    /// @dev Make sure the destination array has afterspace if required.
    /// @param _bytes The source array
    /// @param _dest The destination array.
    /// @param _start The location to start in the source array.
    function sliceInPlace(
        bytes memory _bytes,
        bytes memory _dest,
        uint _start
    ) internal pure {
        uint _length = _dest.length;
        uint _end = _start + _length;
        require(_end > _start && _bytes.length >= _end, "Slice out of bounds");

        assembly {
            for {
                let src := add(add(_bytes, 32), _start)
                let res := add(_dest, 32)
                let end := add(src, _length)
            } lt(src, end) {
                src := add(src, 32)
                res := add(res, 32)
            } {
                mstore(res, mload(src))
            }
        }
    }

    // Static slice functions, no bounds checking
    /// @notice take a 32-byte slice from the specified position
    function slice32(bytes memory _bytes, uint _start) internal pure returns (bytes32 res) {
        assembly {
            res := mload(add(add(_bytes, 32), _start))
        }
    }

    /// @notice take a 20-byte slice from the specified position
    function slice20(bytes memory _bytes, uint _start) internal pure returns (bytes20) {
        return bytes20(slice32(_bytes, _start));
    }

    /// @notice take a 8-byte slice from the specified position
    function slice8(bytes memory _bytes, uint _start) internal pure returns (bytes8) {
        return bytes8(slice32(_bytes, _start));
    }

    /// @notice take a 4-byte slice from the specified position
    function slice4(bytes memory _bytes, uint _start) internal pure returns (bytes4) {
        return bytes4(slice32(_bytes, _start));
    }

    /// @notice take a 3-byte slice from the specified position
    function slice3(bytes memory _bytes, uint _start) internal pure returns (bytes3) {
        return bytes3(slice32(_bytes, _start));
    }

    /// @notice take a 2-byte slice from the specified position
    function slice2(bytes memory _bytes, uint _start) internal pure returns (bytes2) {
        return bytes2(slice32(_bytes, _start));
    }

    function toAddress(bytes memory _bytes, uint _start) internal  pure returns (address) {
        uint _totalLen = _start + 20;
        require(_totalLen > _start && _bytes.length >= _totalLen, "Address conversion out of bounds.");
        address tempAddress;

        assembly {
            tempAddress := div(mload(add(add(_bytes, 0x20), _start)), 0x1000000000000000000000000)
        }

        return tempAddress;
    }

    function toUint(bytes memory _bytes, uint _start) internal  pure returns (uint256) {
        uint _totalLen = _start + 32;
        require(_totalLen > _start && _bytes.length >= _totalLen, "Uint conversion out of bounds.");
        uint256 tempUint;

        assembly {
            tempUint := mload(add(add(_bytes, 0x20), _start))
        }

        return tempUint;
    }

    function equal(bytes memory _preBytes, bytes memory _postBytes) internal pure returns (bool) {
        bool success = true;

        assembly {
            let length := mload(_preBytes)

            // if lengths don't match the arrays are not equal
            switch eq(length, mload(_postBytes))
            case 1 {
                // cb is a circuit breaker in the for loop since there's
                //  no said feature for inline assembly loops
                // cb = 1 - don't breaker
                // cb = 0 - break
                let cb := 1

                let mc := add(_preBytes, 0x20)
                let end := add(mc, length)

                for {
                    let cc := add(_postBytes, 0x20)
                    // the next line is the loop condition:
                    // while(uint(mc < end) + cb == 2)
                } eq(add(lt(mc, end), cb), 2) {
                    mc := add(mc, 0x20)
                    cc := add(cc, 0x20)
                } {
                    // if any of these checks fails then arrays are not equal
                    if iszero(eq(mload(mc), mload(cc))) {
                        // unsuccess:
                        success := 0
                        cb := 0
                    }
                }
            }
            default {
                // unsuccess:
                success := 0
            }
        }

        return success;
    }

    function equalStorage(bytes storage _preBytes, bytes memory _postBytes) internal view returns (bool) {
        bool success = true;

        assembly {
            // we know _preBytes_offset is 0
            let fslot := sload(_preBytes.slot)
            // Decode the length of the stored array like in concatStorage().
            let slength := div(and(fslot, sub(mul(0x100, iszero(and(fslot, 1))), 1)), 2)
            let mlength := mload(_postBytes)

            // if lengths don't match the arrays are not equal
            switch eq(slength, mlength)
            case 1 {
                // slength can contain both the length and contents of the array
                // if length < 32 bytes so let's prepare for that
                // v. http://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/miscellaneous.html#layout-of-state-variables-in-storage
                if iszero(iszero(slength)) {
                    switch lt(slength, 32)
                    case 1 {
                        // blank the last byte which is the length
                        fslot := mul(div(fslot, 0x100), 0x100)

                        if iszero(eq(fslot, mload(add(_postBytes, 0x20)))) {
                            // unsuccess:
                            success := 0
                        }
                    }
                    default {
                        // cb is a circuit breaker in the for loop since there's
                        //  no said feature for inline assembly loops
                        // cb = 1 - don't breaker
                        // cb = 0 - break
                        let cb := 1

                        // get the keccak hash to get the contents of the array
                        mstore(0x0, _preBytes.slot)
                        let sc := keccak256(0x0, 0x20)

                        let mc := add(_postBytes, 0x20)
                        let end := add(mc, mlength)

                        // the next line is the loop condition:
                        // while(uint(mc < end) + cb == 2)
                        for {} eq(add(lt(mc, end), cb), 2) {
                            sc := add(sc, 1)
                            mc := add(mc, 0x20)
                        } {
                            if iszero(eq(sload(sc), mload(mc))) {
                                // unsuccess:
                                success := 0
                                cb := 0
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            default {
                // unsuccess:
                success := 0
            }
        }

        return success;
    }

    function toBytes32(bytes memory _source) pure internal returns (bytes32 result) {
        if (_source.length == 0) {
            return 0x0;
        }

        assembly {
            result := mload(add(_source, 32))
        }
    }

    function keccak256Slice(bytes memory _bytes, uint _start, uint _length) pure internal returns (bytes32 result) {
        uint _end = _start + _length;
        require(_end > _start && _bytes.length >= _end, "Slice out of bounds");

        assembly {
            result := keccak256(add(add(_bytes, 32), _start), _length)
        }
    }
}

File 4 of 30 : SafeMath.sol
pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

/*
The MIT License (MIT)

Copyright (c) 2016 Smart Contract Solutions, Inc.

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
*/


/**
 * @title SafeMath
 * @dev Math operations with safety checks that throw on error
 */
library SafeMath {

    /**
     * @dev Multiplies two numbers, throws on overflow.
     */
    function mul(uint256 _a, uint256 _b) internal pure returns (uint256 c) {
        // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than asserting 'a' not being zero, but the
        // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
        // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-solidity/pull/522
        if (_a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        c = _a * _b;
        require(c / _a == _b, "Overflow during multiplication.");
        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Integer division of two numbers, truncating the quotient.
     */
    function div(uint256 _a, uint256 _b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // assert(_b > 0); // Solidity automatically throws when dividing by 0
        // uint256 c = _a / _b;
        // assert(_a == _b * c + _a % _b); // There is no case in which this doesn't hold
        return _a / _b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Subtracts two numbers, throws on overflow (i.e. if subtrahend is greater than minuend).
     */
    function sub(uint256 _a, uint256 _b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        require(_b <= _a, "Underflow during subtraction.");
        return _a - _b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Adds two numbers, throws on overflow.
     */
    function add(uint256 _a, uint256 _b) internal pure returns (uint256 c) {
        c = _a + _b;
        require(c >= _a, "Overflow during addition.");
        return c;
    }
}

File 5 of 30 : AbstractTBTCDepositor.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only

// ██████████████     ▐████▌     ██████████████
// ██████████████     ▐████▌     ██████████████
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌
// ██████████████     ▐████▌     ██████████████
// ██████████████     ▐████▌     ██████████████
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import {BTCUtils} from "@keep-network/bitcoin-spv-sol/contracts/BTCUtils.sol";

import "./IBridge.sol";
import "./ITBTCVault.sol";

/// @title Abstract AbstractTBTCDepositor contract.
/// @notice This abstract contract is meant to facilitate integration of protocols
///         aiming to use tBTC as an underlying Bitcoin bridge.
///
///         Such an integrator is supposed to:
///         - Create a child contract inheriting from this abstract contract
///         - Call the `__AbstractTBTCDepositor_initialize` initializer function
///         - Use the `_initializeDeposit` and `_finalizeDeposit` as part of their
///           business logic in order to initialize and finalize deposits.
///
/// @dev Example usage:
///      ```
///      // Example upgradeable integrator contract.
///      contract ExampleTBTCIntegrator is AbstractTBTCDepositor, Initializable {
///          /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
///          constructor() {
///              // Prevents the contract from being initialized again.
///              _disableInitializers();
///          }
///
///          function initialize(
///              address _bridge,
///              address _tbtcVault
///          ) external initializer {
///              __AbstractTBTCDepositor_initialize(_bridge, _tbtcVault);
///          }
///
///          function startProcess(
///              IBridgeTypes.BitcoinTxInfo calldata fundingTx,
///              IBridgeTypes.DepositRevealInfo calldata reveal
///          ) external {
///              // Embed necessary context as extra data.
///              bytes32 extraData = ...;
///
///              (uint256 depositKey, uint256 initialDepositAmount) = _initializeDeposit(
///                  fundingTx,
///                  reveal,
///                  extraData
///              );
///
///              // Use the depositKey to track the process.
///          }
///
///          function finalizeProcess(uint256 depositKey) external {
///              // Ensure the function cannot be called for the same deposit
///              // twice.
///
///              (
///                  uint256 initialDepositAmount,
///                  uint256 tbtcAmount,
///                  bytes32 extraData
///              ) = _finalizeDeposit(depositKey);
///
///              // Do something with the minted TBTC using context
///              // embedded in the extraData.
///          }
///      }
abstract contract AbstractTBTCDepositor {
    using BTCUtils for bytes;

    /// @notice Multiplier to convert satoshi to TBTC token units.
    uint256 public constant SATOSHI_MULTIPLIER = 10**10;

    /// @notice Bridge contract address.
    IBridge public bridge;
    /// @notice TBTCVault contract address.
    ITBTCVault public tbtcVault;

    // Reserved storage space that allows adding more variables without affecting
    // the storage layout of the child contracts. The convention from OpenZeppelin
    // suggests the storage space should add up to 50 slots. If more variables are
    // added in the upcoming versions one need to reduce the array size accordingly.
    // See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
    // slither-disable-next-line unused-state
    uint256[47] private __gap;

    /// @notice Initializes the contract. MUST BE CALLED from the child
    ///         contract initializer.
    // slither-disable-next-line dead-code
    function __AbstractTBTCDepositor_initialize(
        address _bridge,
        address _tbtcVault
    ) internal {
        require(
            address(bridge) == address(0) && address(tbtcVault) == address(0),
            "AbstractTBTCDepositor already initialized"
        );

        require(_bridge != address(0), "Bridge address cannot be zero");
        require(_tbtcVault != address(0), "TBTCVault address cannot be zero");

        bridge = IBridge(_bridge);
        tbtcVault = ITBTCVault(_tbtcVault);
    }

    /// @notice Initializes a deposit by revealing it to the Bridge.
    /// @param fundingTx Bitcoin funding transaction data, see `IBridgeTypes.BitcoinTxInfo`.
    /// @param reveal Deposit reveal data, see `IBridgeTypes.DepositRevealInfo` struct.
    /// @param extraData 32-byte deposit extra data.
    /// @return depositKey Deposit key computed as
    ///         `keccak256(fundingTxHash | reveal.fundingOutputIndex)`. This
    ///         key can be used to refer to the deposit in the Bridge and
    ///         TBTCVault contracts.
    /// @return initialDepositAmount Amount of funding transaction deposit. In
    ///         TBTC token decimals precision.
    /// @dev Requirements:
    ///      - The revealed vault address must match the TBTCVault address,
    ///      - All requirements from {Bridge#revealDepositWithExtraData}
    ///        function must be met.
    /// @dev This function doesn't validate if a deposit has been initialized before,
    ///      as the Bridge won't allow the same deposit to be revealed twice.
    // slither-disable-next-line dead-code
    function _initializeDeposit(
        IBridgeTypes.BitcoinTxInfo calldata fundingTx,
        IBridgeTypes.DepositRevealInfo calldata reveal,
        bytes32 extraData
    ) internal returns (uint256 depositKey, uint256 initialDepositAmount) {
        require(reveal.vault == address(tbtcVault), "Vault address mismatch");

        depositKey = _calculateDepositKey(
            _calculateBitcoinTxHash(fundingTx),
            reveal.fundingOutputIndex
        );

        // The Bridge does not allow to reveal the same deposit twice and
        // revealed deposits stay there forever. The transaction will revert
        // if the deposit has already been revealed so, there is no need to do
        // an explicit check here.
        bridge.revealDepositWithExtraData(fundingTx, reveal, extraData);

        initialDepositAmount =
            bridge.deposits(depositKey).amount *
            SATOSHI_MULTIPLIER;
    }

    /// @notice Finalizes a deposit by calculating the amount of TBTC minted
    ///         for the deposit.
    /// @param depositKey Deposit key identifying the deposit.
    /// @return initialDepositAmount Amount of funding transaction deposit. In
    ///         TBTC token decimals precision.
    /// @return tbtcAmount Approximate amount of TBTC minted for the deposit. In
    ///         TBTC token decimals precision.
    /// @return extraData 32-byte deposit extra data.
    /// @dev Requirements:
    ///      - The deposit must be initialized but not finalized
    ///        (in the context of this contract) yet.
    ///      - The deposit must be finalized on the Bridge side. That means the
    ///        deposit must be either swept or optimistically minted.
    /// @dev THIS FUNCTION DOESN'T VALIDATE IF A DEPOSIT HAS BEEN FINALIZED BEFORE,
    ///      IT IS A RESPONSIBILITY OF THE IMPLEMENTING CONTRACT TO ENSURE THIS
    ///      FUNCTION WON'T BE CALLED TWICE FOR THE SAME DEPOSIT.
    /// @dev IMPORTANT NOTE: The tbtcAmount returned by this function is an
    ///      approximation. See documentation of the `calculateTbtcAmount`
    ///      responsible for calculating this value for more details.
    // slither-disable-next-line dead-code
    function _finalizeDeposit(uint256 depositKey)
        internal
        returns (
            uint256 initialDepositAmount,
            uint256 tbtcAmount,
            bytes32 extraData
        )
    {
        IBridgeTypes.DepositRequest memory deposit = bridge.deposits(
            depositKey
        );
        require(deposit.revealedAt != 0, "Deposit not initialized");

        (, uint64 finalizedAt) = tbtcVault.optimisticMintingRequests(
            depositKey
        );

        require(
            deposit.sweptAt != 0 || finalizedAt != 0,
            "Deposit not finalized by the bridge"
        );

        initialDepositAmount = deposit.amount * SATOSHI_MULTIPLIER;

        tbtcAmount = _calculateTbtcAmount(deposit.amount, deposit.treasuryFee);

        extraData = deposit.extraData;
    }

    /// @notice Calculates the amount of TBTC minted for the deposit.
    /// @param depositAmountSat Deposit amount in satoshi (1e8 precision).
    ///        This is the actual amount deposited by the deposit creator, i.e.
    ///        the gross amount the Bridge's fees are cut from.
    /// @param depositTreasuryFeeSat Deposit treasury fee in satoshi (1e8 precision).
    ///        This is an accurate value of the treasury fee that was actually
    ///        cut upon minting.
    /// @return tbtcAmount Approximate amount of TBTC minted for the deposit.
    /// @dev IMPORTANT NOTE: The tbtcAmount returned by this function may
    ///      not correspond to the actual amount of TBTC minted for the deposit.
    ///      Although the treasury fee cut upon minting is known precisely,
    ///      this is not the case for the optimistic minting fee and the Bitcoin
    ///      transaction fee. To overcome that problem, this function just takes
    ///      the current maximum allowed values of both fees, at the moment of deposit
    ///      finalization. For the great majority of the deposits, such an
    ///      algorithm will return a tbtcAmount slightly lesser than the
    ///      actual amount of TBTC minted for the deposit. This will cause
    ///      some TBTC to be left in the contract and ensure there is enough
    ///      liquidity to finalize the deposit. However, in some rare cases,
    ///      where the actual values of those fees change between the deposit
    ///      minting and finalization, the tbtcAmount returned by this function
    ///      may be greater than the actual amount of TBTC minted for the deposit.
    ///      If this happens and the reserve coming from previous deposits
    ///      leftovers does not provide enough liquidity, the deposit will have
    ///      to wait for finalization until the reserve is refilled by subsequent
    ///      deposits or a manual top-up. The integrator is responsible for
    ///      handling such cases.
    // slither-disable-next-line dead-code
    function _calculateTbtcAmount(
        uint64 depositAmountSat,
        uint64 depositTreasuryFeeSat
    ) internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        // Both deposit amount and treasury fee are in the 1e8 satoshi precision.
        // We need to convert them to the 1e18 TBTC precision.
        uint256 amountSubTreasury = (depositAmountSat - depositTreasuryFeeSat) *
            SATOSHI_MULTIPLIER;

        uint256 omFeeDivisor = tbtcVault.optimisticMintingFeeDivisor();
        uint256 omFee = omFeeDivisor > 0
            ? (amountSubTreasury / omFeeDivisor)
            : 0;

        // The deposit transaction max fee is in the 1e8 satoshi precision.
        // We need to convert them to the 1e18 TBTC precision.
        (, , uint64 depositTxMaxFee, ) = bridge.depositParameters();
        uint256 txMaxFee = depositTxMaxFee * SATOSHI_MULTIPLIER;

        return amountSubTreasury - omFee - txMaxFee;
    }

    /// @notice Calculates the deposit key for the given funding transaction
    ///         hash and funding output index.
    /// @param fundingTxHash Funding transaction hash.
    /// @param fundingOutputIndex Funding output index.
    /// @return depositKey Deposit key computed as
    ///         `keccak256(fundingTxHash | reveal.fundingOutputIndex)`. This
    ///         key can be used to refer to the deposit in the Bridge and
    ///         TBTCVault contracts.
    // slither-disable-next-line dead-code
    function _calculateDepositKey(
        bytes32 fundingTxHash,
        uint32 fundingOutputIndex
    ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return
            uint256(
                keccak256(abi.encodePacked(fundingTxHash, fundingOutputIndex))
            );
    }

    /// @notice Calculates the Bitcoin transaction hash for the given Bitcoin
    ///         transaction data.
    /// @param txInfo Bitcoin transaction data, see `IBridgeTypes.BitcoinTxInfo` struct.
    /// @return txHash Bitcoin transaction hash.
    // slither-disable-next-line dead-code
    function _calculateBitcoinTxHash(IBridgeTypes.BitcoinTxInfo calldata txInfo)
        internal
        view
        returns (bytes32)
    {
        return
            abi
                .encodePacked(
                    txInfo.version,
                    txInfo.inputVector,
                    txInfo.outputVector,
                    txInfo.locktime
                )
                .hash256View();
    }

    /// @notice Returns minimum deposit amount.
    /// @return Minimum deposit amount. In TBTC token decimals precision.
    // slither-disable-next-line dead-code
    function _minDepositAmount() internal view returns (uint256) {
        // Read tBTC Bridge Deposit Dust Threshold in satoshi precision.
        (uint64 bridgeDepositDustThresholdSat, , , ) = bridge
            .depositParameters();

        // Convert tBTC Bridge Deposit Dust Threshold to TBTC token precision.
        return bridgeDepositDustThresholdSat * SATOSHI_MULTIPLIER;
    }
}

File 6 of 30 : IBridge.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only

// ██████████████     ▐████▌     ██████████████
// ██████████████     ▐████▌     ██████████████
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌
// ██████████████     ▐████▌     ██████████████
// ██████████████     ▐████▌     ██████████████
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/// @notice Namespace which groups all types relevant to the IBridge interface.
/// @dev This is a mirror of the real types used in the Bridge contract.
///      This way, the `integrator` subpackage does not need to import
///      anything from the `bridge` subpackage and explicitly depend on it.
///      This simplifies the dependency graph for integrators.
library IBridgeTypes {
    /// @dev See bridge/BitcoinTx.sol#Info
    struct BitcoinTxInfo {
        bytes4 version;
        bytes inputVector;
        bytes outputVector;
        bytes4 locktime;
    }

    /// @dev See bridge/Deposit.sol#DepositRevealInfo
    struct DepositRevealInfo {
        uint32 fundingOutputIndex;
        bytes8 blindingFactor;
        bytes20 walletPubKeyHash;
        bytes20 refundPubKeyHash;
        bytes4 refundLocktime;
        address vault;
    }

    /// @dev See bridge/Deposit.sol#DepositRequest
    struct DepositRequest {
        address depositor;
        uint64 amount;
        uint32 revealedAt;
        address vault;
        uint64 treasuryFee;
        uint32 sweptAt;
        bytes32 extraData;
    }
}

/// @notice Interface of the Bridge contract.
/// @dev See bridge/Bridge.sol
interface IBridge {
    /// @dev See {Bridge#revealDepositWithExtraData}
    function revealDepositWithExtraData(
        IBridgeTypes.BitcoinTxInfo calldata fundingTx,
        IBridgeTypes.DepositRevealInfo calldata reveal,
        bytes32 extraData
    ) external;

    /// @dev See {Bridge#deposits}
    function deposits(uint256 depositKey)
        external
        view
        returns (IBridgeTypes.DepositRequest memory);

    /// @dev See {Bridge#depositParameters}
    function depositParameters()
        external
        view
        returns (
            uint64 depositDustThreshold,
            uint64 depositTreasuryFeeDivisor,
            uint64 depositTxMaxFee,
            uint32 depositRevealAheadPeriod
        );
}

File 7 of 30 : ITBTCVault.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only

// ██████████████     ▐████▌     ██████████████
// ██████████████     ▐████▌     ██████████████
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌
// ██████████████     ▐████▌     ██████████████
// ██████████████     ▐████▌     ██████████████
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌
//               ▐████▌    ▐████▌

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/// @notice Interface of the TBTCVault contract.
/// @dev See vault/TBTCVault.sol
interface ITBTCVault {
    /// @dev See {TBTCVault#optimisticMintingRequests}
    function optimisticMintingRequests(uint256 depositKey)
        external
        returns (uint64 requestedAt, uint64 finalizedAt);

    /// @dev See {TBTCVault#optimisticMintingFeeDivisor}
    function optimisticMintingFeeDivisor() external view returns (uint32);
}

File 8 of 30 : Ownable2StepUpgradeable.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (access/Ownable2Step.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {OwnableUpgradeable} from "./OwnableUpgradeable.sol";
import {Initializable} from "../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * The initial owner is specified at deployment time in the constructor for `Ownable`. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership} and {acceptOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available all functions
 * from parent (Ownable).
 */
abstract contract Ownable2StepUpgradeable is Initializable, OwnableUpgradeable {
    /// @custom:storage-location erc7201:openzeppelin.storage.Ownable2Step
    struct Ownable2StepStorage {
        address _pendingOwner;
    }

    // keccak256(abi.encode(uint256(keccak256("openzeppelin.storage.Ownable2Step")) - 1)) & ~bytes32(uint256(0xff))
    bytes32 private constant Ownable2StepStorageLocation = 0x237e158222e3e6968b72b9db0d8043aacf074ad9f650f0d1606b4d82ee432c00;

    function _getOwnable2StepStorage() private pure returns (Ownable2StepStorage storage $) {
        assembly {
            $.slot := Ownable2StepStorageLocation
        }
    }

    event OwnershipTransferStarted(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    function __Ownable2Step_init() internal onlyInitializing {
    }

    function __Ownable2Step_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the pending owner.
     */
    function pendingOwner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        Ownable2StepStorage storage $ = _getOwnable2StepStorage();
        return $._pendingOwner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Starts the ownership transfer of the contract to a new account. Replaces the pending transfer if there is one.
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual override onlyOwner {
        Ownable2StepStorage storage $ = _getOwnable2StepStorage();
        $._pendingOwner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferStarted(owner(), newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`) and deletes any pending owner.
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual override {
        Ownable2StepStorage storage $ = _getOwnable2StepStorage();
        delete $._pendingOwner;
        super._transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev The new owner accepts the ownership transfer.
     */
    function acceptOwnership() public virtual {
        address sender = _msgSender();
        if (pendingOwner() != sender) {
            revert OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(sender);
        }
        _transferOwnership(sender);
    }
}

File 9 of 30 : OwnableUpgradeable.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (access/Ownable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ContextUpgradeable} from "../utils/ContextUpgradeable.sol";
import {Initializable} from "../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * The initial owner is set to the address provided by the deployer. This can
 * later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract OwnableUpgradeable is Initializable, ContextUpgradeable {
    /// @custom:storage-location erc7201:openzeppelin.storage.Ownable
    struct OwnableStorage {
        address _owner;
    }

    // keccak256(abi.encode(uint256(keccak256("openzeppelin.storage.Ownable")) - 1)) & ~bytes32(uint256(0xff))
    bytes32 private constant OwnableStorageLocation = 0x9016d09d72d40fdae2fd8ceac6b6234c7706214fd39c1cd1e609a0528c199300;

    function _getOwnableStorage() private pure returns (OwnableStorage storage $) {
        assembly {
            $.slot := OwnableStorageLocation
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev The caller account is not authorized to perform an operation.
     */
    error OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(address account);

    /**
     * @dev The owner is not a valid owner account. (eg. `address(0)`)
     */
    error OwnableInvalidOwner(address owner);

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the address provided by the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    function __Ownable_init(address initialOwner) internal onlyInitializing {
        __Ownable_init_unchained(initialOwner);
    }

    function __Ownable_init_unchained(address initialOwner) internal onlyInitializing {
        if (initialOwner == address(0)) {
            revert OwnableInvalidOwner(address(0));
        }
        _transferOwnership(initialOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        _checkOwner();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        OwnableStorage storage $ = _getOwnableStorage();
        return $._owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the sender is not the owner.
     */
    function _checkOwner() internal view virtual {
        if (owner() != _msgSender()) {
            revert OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(_msgSender());
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby disabling any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(address(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        if (newOwner == address(0)) {
            revert OwnableInvalidOwner(address(0));
        }
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        OwnableStorage storage $ = _getOwnableStorage();
        address oldOwner = $._owner;
        $._owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }
}

File 10 of 30 : Initializable.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (proxy/utils/Initializable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev This is a base contract to aid in writing upgradeable contracts, or any kind of contract that will be deployed
 * behind a proxy. Since proxied contracts do not make use of a constructor, it's common to move constructor logic to an
 * external initializer function, usually called `initialize`. It then becomes necessary to protect this initializer
 * function so it can only be called once. The {initializer} modifier provided by this contract will have this effect.
 *
 * The initialization functions use a version number. Once a version number is used, it is consumed and cannot be
 * reused. This mechanism prevents re-execution of each "step" but allows the creation of new initialization steps in
 * case an upgrade adds a module that needs to be initialized.
 *
 * For example:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```solidity
 * contract MyToken is ERC20Upgradeable {
 *     function initialize() initializer public {
 *         __ERC20_init("MyToken", "MTK");
 *     }
 * }
 *
 * contract MyTokenV2 is MyToken, ERC20PermitUpgradeable {
 *     function initializeV2() reinitializer(2) public {
 *         __ERC20Permit_init("MyToken");
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * TIP: To avoid leaving the proxy in an uninitialized state, the initializer function should be called as early as
 * possible by providing the encoded function call as the `_data` argument to {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
 *
 * CAUTION: When used with inheritance, manual care must be taken to not invoke a parent initializer twice, or to ensure
 * that all initializers are idempotent. This is not verified automatically as constructors are by Solidity.
 *
 * [CAUTION]
 * ====
 * Avoid leaving a contract uninitialized.
 *
 * An uninitialized contract can be taken over by an attacker. This applies to both a proxy and its implementation
 * contract, which may impact the proxy. To prevent the implementation contract from being used, you should invoke
 * the {_disableInitializers} function in the constructor to automatically lock it when it is deployed:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```
 * /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
 * constructor() {
 *     _disableInitializers();
 * }
 * ```
 * ====
 */
abstract contract Initializable {
    /**
     * @dev Storage of the initializable contract.
     *
     * It's implemented on a custom ERC-7201 namespace to reduce the risk of storage collisions
     * when using with upgradeable contracts.
     *
     * @custom:storage-location erc7201:openzeppelin.storage.Initializable
     */
    struct InitializableStorage {
        /**
         * @dev Indicates that the contract has been initialized.
         */
        uint64 _initialized;
        /**
         * @dev Indicates that the contract is in the process of being initialized.
         */
        bool _initializing;
    }

    // keccak256(abi.encode(uint256(keccak256("openzeppelin.storage.Initializable")) - 1)) & ~bytes32(uint256(0xff))
    bytes32 private constant INITIALIZABLE_STORAGE = 0xf0c57e16840df040f15088dc2f81fe391c3923bec73e23a9662efc9c229c6a00;

    /**
     * @dev The contract is already initialized.
     */
    error InvalidInitialization();

    /**
     * @dev The contract is not initializing.
     */
    error NotInitializing();

    /**
     * @dev Triggered when the contract has been initialized or reinitialized.
     */
    event Initialized(uint64 version);

    /**
     * @dev A modifier that defines a protected initializer function that can be invoked at most once. In its scope,
     * `onlyInitializing` functions can be used to initialize parent contracts.
     *
     * Similar to `reinitializer(1)`, except that in the context of a constructor an `initializer` may be invoked any
     * number of times. This behavior in the constructor can be useful during testing and is not expected to be used in
     * production.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event.
     */
    modifier initializer() {
        // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
        InitializableStorage storage $ = _getInitializableStorage();

        // Cache values to avoid duplicated sloads
        bool isTopLevelCall = !$._initializing;
        uint64 initialized = $._initialized;

        // Allowed calls:
        // - initialSetup: the contract is not in the initializing state and no previous version was
        //                 initialized
        // - construction: the contract is initialized at version 1 (no reininitialization) and the
        //                 current contract is just being deployed
        bool initialSetup = initialized == 0 && isTopLevelCall;
        bool construction = initialized == 1 && address(this).code.length == 0;

        if (!initialSetup && !construction) {
            revert InvalidInitialization();
        }
        $._initialized = 1;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            $._initializing = true;
        }
        _;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            $._initializing = false;
            emit Initialized(1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev A modifier that defines a protected reinitializer function that can be invoked at most once, and only if the
     * contract hasn't been initialized to a greater version before. In its scope, `onlyInitializing` functions can be
     * used to initialize parent contracts.
     *
     * A reinitializer may be used after the original initialization step. This is essential to configure modules that
     * are added through upgrades and that require initialization.
     *
     * When `version` is 1, this modifier is similar to `initializer`, except that functions marked with `reinitializer`
     * cannot be nested. If one is invoked in the context of another, execution will revert.
     *
     * Note that versions can jump in increments greater than 1; this implies that if multiple reinitializers coexist in
     * a contract, executing them in the right order is up to the developer or operator.
     *
     * WARNING: Setting the version to 2**64 - 1 will prevent any future reinitialization.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event.
     */
    modifier reinitializer(uint64 version) {
        // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
        InitializableStorage storage $ = _getInitializableStorage();

        if ($._initializing || $._initialized >= version) {
            revert InvalidInitialization();
        }
        $._initialized = version;
        $._initializing = true;
        _;
        $._initializing = false;
        emit Initialized(version);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to protect an initialization function so that it can only be invoked by functions with the
     * {initializer} and {reinitializer} modifiers, directly or indirectly.
     */
    modifier onlyInitializing() {
        _checkInitializing();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts if the contract is not in an initializing state. See {onlyInitializing}.
     */
    function _checkInitializing() internal view virtual {
        if (!_isInitializing()) {
            revert NotInitializing();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Locks the contract, preventing any future reinitialization. This cannot be part of an initializer call.
     * Calling this in the constructor of a contract will prevent that contract from being initialized or reinitialized
     * to any version. It is recommended to use this to lock implementation contracts that are designed to be called
     * through proxies.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event the first time it is successfully executed.
     */
    function _disableInitializers() internal virtual {
        // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
        InitializableStorage storage $ = _getInitializableStorage();

        if ($._initializing) {
            revert InvalidInitialization();
        }
        if ($._initialized != type(uint64).max) {
            $._initialized = type(uint64).max;
            emit Initialized(type(uint64).max);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the highest version that has been initialized. See {reinitializer}.
     */
    function _getInitializedVersion() internal view returns (uint64) {
        return _getInitializableStorage()._initialized;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if the contract is currently initializing. See {onlyInitializing}.
     */
    function _isInitializing() internal view returns (bool) {
        return _getInitializableStorage()._initializing;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns a pointer to the storage namespace.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
    function _getInitializableStorage() private pure returns (InitializableStorage storage $) {
        assembly {
            $.slot := INITIALIZABLE_STORAGE
        }
    }
}

File 11 of 30 : ERC20Upgradeable.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC20/ERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import {IERC20Metadata} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";
import {ContextUpgradeable} from "../../utils/ContextUpgradeable.sol";
import {IERC20Errors} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/interfaces/draft-IERC6093.sol";
import {Initializable} from "../../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC20} interface.
 *
 * This implementation is agnostic to the way tokens are created. This means
 * that a supply mechanism has to be added in a derived contract using {_mint}.
 *
 * TIP: For a detailed writeup see our guide
 * https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/how-to-implement-erc20-supply-mechanisms/226[How
 * to implement supply mechanisms].
 *
 * The default value of {decimals} is 18. To change this, you should override
 * this function so it returns a different value.
 *
 * We have followed general OpenZeppelin Contracts guidelines: functions revert
 * instead returning `false` on failure. This behavior is nonetheless
 * conventional and does not conflict with the expectations of ERC20
 * applications.
 *
 * Additionally, an {Approval} event is emitted on calls to {transferFrom}.
 * This allows applications to reconstruct the allowance for all accounts just
 * by listening to said events. Other implementations of the EIP may not emit
 * these events, as it isn't required by the specification.
 */
abstract contract ERC20Upgradeable is Initializable, ContextUpgradeable, IERC20, IERC20Metadata, IERC20Errors {
    /// @custom:storage-location erc7201:openzeppelin.storage.ERC20
    struct ERC20Storage {
        mapping(address account => uint256) _balances;

        mapping(address account => mapping(address spender => uint256)) _allowances;

        uint256 _totalSupply;

        string _name;
        string _symbol;
    }

    // keccak256(abi.encode(uint256(keccak256("openzeppelin.storage.ERC20")) - 1)) & ~bytes32(uint256(0xff))
    bytes32 private constant ERC20StorageLocation = 0x52c63247e1f47db19d5ce0460030c497f067ca4cebf71ba98eeadabe20bace00;

    function _getERC20Storage() private pure returns (ERC20Storage storage $) {
        assembly {
            $.slot := ERC20StorageLocation
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets the values for {name} and {symbol}.
     *
     * All two of these values are immutable: they can only be set once during
     * construction.
     */
    function __ERC20_init(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) internal onlyInitializing {
        __ERC20_init_unchained(name_, symbol_);
    }

    function __ERC20_init_unchained(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) internal onlyInitializing {
        ERC20Storage storage $ = _getERC20Storage();
        $._name = name_;
        $._symbol = symbol_;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() public view virtual returns (string memory) {
        ERC20Storage storage $ = _getERC20Storage();
        return $._name;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token, usually a shorter version of the
     * name.
     */
    function symbol() public view virtual returns (string memory) {
        ERC20Storage storage $ = _getERC20Storage();
        return $._symbol;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of decimals used to get its user representation.
     * For example, if `decimals` equals `2`, a balance of `505` tokens should
     * be displayed to a user as `5.05` (`505 / 10 ** 2`).
     *
     * Tokens usually opt for a value of 18, imitating the relationship between
     * Ether and Wei. This is the default value returned by this function, unless
     * it's overridden.
     *
     * NOTE: This information is only used for _display_ purposes: it in
     * no way affects any of the arithmetic of the contract, including
     * {IERC20-balanceOf} and {IERC20-transfer}.
     */
    function decimals() public view virtual returns (uint8) {
        return 18;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-totalSupply}.
     */
    function totalSupply() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        ERC20Storage storage $ = _getERC20Storage();
        return $._totalSupply;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-balanceOf}.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        ERC20Storage storage $ = _getERC20Storage();
        return $._balances[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transfer}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - the caller must have a balance of at least `value`.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _transfer(owner, to, value);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-allowance}.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        ERC20Storage storage $ = _getERC20Storage();
        return $._allowances[owner][spender];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * NOTE: If `value` is the maximum `uint256`, the allowance is not updated on
     * `transferFrom`. This is semantically equivalent to an infinite approval.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _approve(owner, spender, value);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance. This is not
     * required by the EIP. See the note at the beginning of {ERC20}.
     *
     * NOTE: Does not update the allowance if the current allowance
     * is the maximum `uint256`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` and `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have a balance of at least `value`.
     * - the caller must have allowance for ``from``'s tokens of at least
     * `value`.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address spender = _msgSender();
        _spendAllowance(from, spender, value);
        _transfer(from, to, value);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to {transfer}, and can be used to
     * e.g. implement automatic token fees, slashing mechanisms, etc.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     *
     * NOTE: This function is not virtual, {_update} should be overridden instead.
     */
    function _transfer(address from, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        if (from == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidSender(address(0));
        }
        if (to == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidReceiver(address(0));
        }
        _update(from, to, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to`, or alternatively mints (or burns) if `from`
     * (or `to`) is the zero address. All customizations to transfers, mints, and burns should be done by overriding
     * this function.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _update(address from, address to, uint256 value) internal virtual {
        ERC20Storage storage $ = _getERC20Storage();
        if (from == address(0)) {
            // Overflow check required: The rest of the code assumes that totalSupply never overflows
            $._totalSupply += value;
        } else {
            uint256 fromBalance = $._balances[from];
            if (fromBalance < value) {
                revert ERC20InsufficientBalance(from, fromBalance, value);
            }
            unchecked {
                // Overflow not possible: value <= fromBalance <= totalSupply.
                $._balances[from] = fromBalance - value;
            }
        }

        if (to == address(0)) {
            unchecked {
                // Overflow not possible: value <= totalSupply or value <= fromBalance <= totalSupply.
                $._totalSupply -= value;
            }
        } else {
            unchecked {
                // Overflow not possible: balance + value is at most totalSupply, which we know fits into a uint256.
                $._balances[to] += value;
            }
        }

        emit Transfer(from, to, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Creates a `value` amount of tokens and assigns them to `account`, by transferring it from address(0).
     * Relies on the `_update` mechanism
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `from` set to the zero address.
     *
     * NOTE: This function is not virtual, {_update} should be overridden instead.
     */
    function _mint(address account, uint256 value) internal {
        if (account == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidReceiver(address(0));
        }
        _update(address(0), account, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys a `value` amount of tokens from `account`, lowering the total supply.
     * Relies on the `_update` mechanism.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `to` set to the zero address.
     *
     * NOTE: This function is not virtual, {_update} should be overridden instead
     */
    function _burn(address account, uint256 value) internal {
        if (account == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidSender(address(0));
        }
        _update(account, address(0), value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over the `owner` s tokens.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to `approve`, and can be used to
     * e.g. set automatic allowances for certain subsystems, etc.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `owner` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     *
     * Overrides to this logic should be done to the variant with an additional `bool emitEvent` argument.
     */
    function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        _approve(owner, spender, value, true);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {_approve} with an optional flag to enable or disable the {Approval} event.
     *
     * By default (when calling {_approve}) the flag is set to true. On the other hand, approval changes made by
     * `_spendAllowance` during the `transferFrom` operation set the flag to false. This saves gas by not emitting any
     * `Approval` event during `transferFrom` operations.
     *
     * Anyone who wishes to continue emitting `Approval` events on the`transferFrom` operation can force the flag to
     * true using the following override:
     * ```
     * function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value, bool) internal virtual override {
     *     super._approve(owner, spender, value, true);
     * }
     * ```
     *
     * Requirements are the same as {_approve}.
     */
    function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value, bool emitEvent) internal virtual {
        ERC20Storage storage $ = _getERC20Storage();
        if (owner == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidApprover(address(0));
        }
        if (spender == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidSpender(address(0));
        }
        $._allowances[owner][spender] = value;
        if (emitEvent) {
            emit Approval(owner, spender, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Updates `owner` s allowance for `spender` based on spent `value`.
     *
     * Does not update the allowance value in case of infinite allowance.
     * Revert if not enough allowance is available.
     *
     * Does not emit an {Approval} event.
     */
    function _spendAllowance(address owner, address spender, uint256 value) internal virtual {
        uint256 currentAllowance = allowance(owner, spender);
        if (currentAllowance != type(uint256).max) {
            if (currentAllowance < value) {
                revert ERC20InsufficientAllowance(spender, currentAllowance, value);
            }
            unchecked {
                _approve(owner, spender, currentAllowance - value, false);
            }
        }
    }
}

File 12 of 30 : ERC4626Upgradeable.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/ERC4626.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import {IERC20Metadata} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";
import {ERC20Upgradeable} from "../ERC20Upgradeable.sol";
import {SafeERC20} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
import {IERC4626} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/interfaces/IERC4626.sol";
import {Math} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/Math.sol";
import {Initializable} from "../../../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the ERC4626 "Tokenized Vault Standard" as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4626[EIP-4626].
 *
 * This extension allows the minting and burning of "shares" (represented using the ERC20 inheritance) in exchange for
 * underlying "assets" through standardized {deposit}, {mint}, {redeem} and {burn} workflows. This contract extends
 * the ERC20 standard. Any additional extensions included along it would affect the "shares" token represented by this
 * contract and not the "assets" token which is an independent contract.
 *
 * [CAUTION]
 * ====
 * In empty (or nearly empty) ERC-4626 vaults, deposits are at high risk of being stolen through frontrunning
 * with a "donation" to the vault that inflates the price of a share. This is variously known as a donation or inflation
 * attack and is essentially a problem of slippage. Vault deployers can protect against this attack by making an initial
 * deposit of a non-trivial amount of the asset, such that price manipulation becomes infeasible. Withdrawals may
 * similarly be affected by slippage. Users can protect against this attack as well as unexpected slippage in general by
 * verifying the amount received is as expected, using a wrapper that performs these checks such as
 * https://github.com/fei-protocol/ERC4626#erc4626router-and-base[ERC4626Router].
 *
 * Since v4.9, this implementation uses virtual assets and shares to mitigate that risk. The `_decimalsOffset()`
 * corresponds to an offset in the decimal representation between the underlying asset's decimals and the vault
 * decimals. This offset also determines the rate of virtual shares to virtual assets in the vault, which itself
 * determines the initial exchange rate. While not fully preventing the attack, analysis shows that the default offset
 * (0) makes it non-profitable, as a result of the value being captured by the virtual shares (out of the attacker's
 * donation) matching the attacker's expected gains. With a larger offset, the attack becomes orders of magnitude more
 * expensive than it is profitable. More details about the underlying math can be found
 * xref:erc4626.adoc#inflation-attack[here].
 *
 * The drawback of this approach is that the virtual shares do capture (a very small) part of the value being accrued
 * to the vault. Also, if the vault experiences losses, the users try to exit the vault, the virtual shares and assets
 * will cause the first user to exit to experience reduced losses in detriment to the last users that will experience
 * bigger losses. Developers willing to revert back to the pre-v4.9 behavior just need to override the
 * `_convertToShares` and `_convertToAssets` functions.
 *
 * To learn more, check out our xref:ROOT:erc4626.adoc[ERC-4626 guide].
 * ====
 */
abstract contract ERC4626Upgradeable is Initializable, ERC20Upgradeable, IERC4626 {
    using Math for uint256;

    /// @custom:storage-location erc7201:openzeppelin.storage.ERC4626
    struct ERC4626Storage {
        IERC20 _asset;
        uint8 _underlyingDecimals;
    }

    // keccak256(abi.encode(uint256(keccak256("openzeppelin.storage.ERC4626")) - 1)) & ~bytes32(uint256(0xff))
    bytes32 private constant ERC4626StorageLocation = 0x0773e532dfede91f04b12a73d3d2acd361424f41f76b4fb79f090161e36b4e00;

    function _getERC4626Storage() private pure returns (ERC4626Storage storage $) {
        assembly {
            $.slot := ERC4626StorageLocation
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Attempted to deposit more assets than the max amount for `receiver`.
     */
    error ERC4626ExceededMaxDeposit(address receiver, uint256 assets, uint256 max);

    /**
     * @dev Attempted to mint more shares than the max amount for `receiver`.
     */
    error ERC4626ExceededMaxMint(address receiver, uint256 shares, uint256 max);

    /**
     * @dev Attempted to withdraw more assets than the max amount for `receiver`.
     */
    error ERC4626ExceededMaxWithdraw(address owner, uint256 assets, uint256 max);

    /**
     * @dev Attempted to redeem more shares than the max amount for `receiver`.
     */
    error ERC4626ExceededMaxRedeem(address owner, uint256 shares, uint256 max);

    /**
     * @dev Set the underlying asset contract. This must be an ERC20-compatible contract (ERC20 or ERC777).
     */
    function __ERC4626_init(IERC20 asset_) internal onlyInitializing {
        __ERC4626_init_unchained(asset_);
    }

    function __ERC4626_init_unchained(IERC20 asset_) internal onlyInitializing {
        ERC4626Storage storage $ = _getERC4626Storage();
        (bool success, uint8 assetDecimals) = _tryGetAssetDecimals(asset_);
        $._underlyingDecimals = success ? assetDecimals : 18;
        $._asset = asset_;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Attempts to fetch the asset decimals. A return value of false indicates that the attempt failed in some way.
     */
    function _tryGetAssetDecimals(IERC20 asset_) private view returns (bool, uint8) {
        (bool success, bytes memory encodedDecimals) = address(asset_).staticcall(
            abi.encodeCall(IERC20Metadata.decimals, ())
        );
        if (success && encodedDecimals.length >= 32) {
            uint256 returnedDecimals = abi.decode(encodedDecimals, (uint256));
            if (returnedDecimals <= type(uint8).max) {
                return (true, uint8(returnedDecimals));
            }
        }
        return (false, 0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Decimals are computed by adding the decimal offset on top of the underlying asset's decimals. This
     * "original" value is cached during construction of the vault contract. If this read operation fails (e.g., the
     * asset has not been created yet), a default of 18 is used to represent the underlying asset's decimals.
     *
     * See {IERC20Metadata-decimals}.
     */
    function decimals() public view virtual override(IERC20Metadata, ERC20Upgradeable) returns (uint8) {
        ERC4626Storage storage $ = _getERC4626Storage();
        return $._underlyingDecimals + _decimalsOffset();
    }

    /** @dev See {IERC4626-asset}. */
    function asset() public view virtual returns (address) {
        ERC4626Storage storage $ = _getERC4626Storage();
        return address($._asset);
    }

    /** @dev See {IERC4626-totalAssets}. */
    function totalAssets() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        ERC4626Storage storage $ = _getERC4626Storage();
        return $._asset.balanceOf(address(this));
    }

    /** @dev See {IERC4626-convertToShares}. */
    function convertToShares(uint256 assets) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _convertToShares(assets, Math.Rounding.Floor);
    }

    /** @dev See {IERC4626-convertToAssets}. */
    function convertToAssets(uint256 shares) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _convertToAssets(shares, Math.Rounding.Floor);
    }

    /** @dev See {IERC4626-maxDeposit}. */
    function maxDeposit(address) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return type(uint256).max;
    }

    /** @dev See {IERC4626-maxMint}. */
    function maxMint(address) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return type(uint256).max;
    }

    /** @dev See {IERC4626-maxWithdraw}. */
    function maxWithdraw(address owner) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _convertToAssets(balanceOf(owner), Math.Rounding.Floor);
    }

    /** @dev See {IERC4626-maxRedeem}. */
    function maxRedeem(address owner) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return balanceOf(owner);
    }

    /** @dev See {IERC4626-previewDeposit}. */
    function previewDeposit(uint256 assets) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _convertToShares(assets, Math.Rounding.Floor);
    }

    /** @dev See {IERC4626-previewMint}. */
    function previewMint(uint256 shares) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _convertToAssets(shares, Math.Rounding.Ceil);
    }

    /** @dev See {IERC4626-previewWithdraw}. */
    function previewWithdraw(uint256 assets) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _convertToShares(assets, Math.Rounding.Ceil);
    }

    /** @dev See {IERC4626-previewRedeem}. */
    function previewRedeem(uint256 shares) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _convertToAssets(shares, Math.Rounding.Floor);
    }

    /** @dev See {IERC4626-deposit}. */
    function deposit(uint256 assets, address receiver) public virtual returns (uint256) {
        uint256 maxAssets = maxDeposit(receiver);
        if (assets > maxAssets) {
            revert ERC4626ExceededMaxDeposit(receiver, assets, maxAssets);
        }

        uint256 shares = previewDeposit(assets);
        _deposit(_msgSender(), receiver, assets, shares);

        return shares;
    }

    /** @dev See {IERC4626-mint}.
     *
     * As opposed to {deposit}, minting is allowed even if the vault is in a state where the price of a share is zero.
     * In this case, the shares will be minted without requiring any assets to be deposited.
     */
    function mint(uint256 shares, address receiver) public virtual returns (uint256) {
        uint256 maxShares = maxMint(receiver);
        if (shares > maxShares) {
            revert ERC4626ExceededMaxMint(receiver, shares, maxShares);
        }

        uint256 assets = previewMint(shares);
        _deposit(_msgSender(), receiver, assets, shares);

        return assets;
    }

    /** @dev See {IERC4626-withdraw}. */
    function withdraw(uint256 assets, address receiver, address owner) public virtual returns (uint256) {
        uint256 maxAssets = maxWithdraw(owner);
        if (assets > maxAssets) {
            revert ERC4626ExceededMaxWithdraw(owner, assets, maxAssets);
        }

        uint256 shares = previewWithdraw(assets);
        _withdraw(_msgSender(), receiver, owner, assets, shares);

        return shares;
    }

    /** @dev See {IERC4626-redeem}. */
    function redeem(uint256 shares, address receiver, address owner) public virtual returns (uint256) {
        uint256 maxShares = maxRedeem(owner);
        if (shares > maxShares) {
            revert ERC4626ExceededMaxRedeem(owner, shares, maxShares);
        }

        uint256 assets = previewRedeem(shares);
        _withdraw(_msgSender(), receiver, owner, assets, shares);

        return assets;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal conversion function (from assets to shares) with support for rounding direction.
     */
    function _convertToShares(uint256 assets, Math.Rounding rounding) internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return assets.mulDiv(totalSupply() + 10 ** _decimalsOffset(), totalAssets() + 1, rounding);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal conversion function (from shares to assets) with support for rounding direction.
     */
    function _convertToAssets(uint256 shares, Math.Rounding rounding) internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return shares.mulDiv(totalAssets() + 1, totalSupply() + 10 ** _decimalsOffset(), rounding);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Deposit/mint common workflow.
     */
    function _deposit(address caller, address receiver, uint256 assets, uint256 shares) internal virtual {
        ERC4626Storage storage $ = _getERC4626Storage();
        // If _asset is ERC777, `transferFrom` can trigger a reentrancy BEFORE the transfer happens through the
        // `tokensToSend` hook. On the other hand, the `tokenReceived` hook, that is triggered after the transfer,
        // calls the vault, which is assumed not malicious.
        //
        // Conclusion: we need to do the transfer before we mint so that any reentrancy would happen before the
        // assets are transferred and before the shares are minted, which is a valid state.
        // slither-disable-next-line reentrancy-no-eth
        SafeERC20.safeTransferFrom($._asset, caller, address(this), assets);
        _mint(receiver, shares);

        emit Deposit(caller, receiver, assets, shares);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Withdraw/redeem common workflow.
     */
    function _withdraw(
        address caller,
        address receiver,
        address owner,
        uint256 assets,
        uint256 shares
    ) internal virtual {
        ERC4626Storage storage $ = _getERC4626Storage();
        if (caller != owner) {
            _spendAllowance(owner, caller, shares);
        }

        // If _asset is ERC777, `transfer` can trigger a reentrancy AFTER the transfer happens through the
        // `tokensReceived` hook. On the other hand, the `tokensToSend` hook, that is triggered before the transfer,
        // calls the vault, which is assumed not malicious.
        //
        // Conclusion: we need to do the transfer after the burn so that any reentrancy would happen after the
        // shares are burned and after the assets are transferred, which is a valid state.
        _burn(owner, shares);
        SafeERC20.safeTransfer($._asset, receiver, assets);

        emit Withdraw(caller, receiver, owner, assets, shares);
    }

    function _decimalsOffset() internal view virtual returns (uint8) {
        return 0;
    }
}

File 13 of 30 : ContextUpgradeable.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.1) (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {Initializable} from "../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract ContextUpgradeable is Initializable {
    function __Context_init() internal onlyInitializing {
    }

    function __Context_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }

    function _contextSuffixLength() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return 0;
    }
}

File 14 of 30 : PausableUpgradeable.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/Pausable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ContextUpgradeable} from "../utils/ContextUpgradeable.sol";
import {Initializable} from "../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which allows children to implement an emergency stop
 * mechanism that can be triggered by an authorized account.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the
 * modifiers `whenNotPaused` and `whenPaused`, which can be applied to
 * the functions of your contract. Note that they will not be pausable by
 * simply including this module, only once the modifiers are put in place.
 */
abstract contract PausableUpgradeable is Initializable, ContextUpgradeable {
    /// @custom:storage-location erc7201:openzeppelin.storage.Pausable
    struct PausableStorage {
        bool _paused;
    }

    // keccak256(abi.encode(uint256(keccak256("openzeppelin.storage.Pausable")) - 1)) & ~bytes32(uint256(0xff))
    bytes32 private constant PausableStorageLocation = 0xcd5ed15c6e187e77e9aee88184c21f4f2182ab5827cb3b7e07fbedcd63f03300;

    function _getPausableStorage() private pure returns (PausableStorage storage $) {
        assembly {
            $.slot := PausableStorageLocation
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the pause is triggered by `account`.
     */
    event Paused(address account);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the pause is lifted by `account`.
     */
    event Unpaused(address account);

    /**
     * @dev The operation failed because the contract is paused.
     */
    error EnforcedPause();

    /**
     * @dev The operation failed because the contract is not paused.
     */
    error ExpectedPause();

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract in unpaused state.
     */
    function __Pausable_init() internal onlyInitializing {
        __Pausable_init_unchained();
    }

    function __Pausable_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
        PausableStorage storage $ = _getPausableStorage();
        $._paused = false;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is not paused.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must not be paused.
     */
    modifier whenNotPaused() {
        _requireNotPaused();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is paused.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must be paused.
     */
    modifier whenPaused() {
        _requirePaused();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the contract is paused, and false otherwise.
     */
    function paused() public view virtual returns (bool) {
        PausableStorage storage $ = _getPausableStorage();
        return $._paused;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the contract is paused.
     */
    function _requireNotPaused() internal view virtual {
        if (paused()) {
            revert EnforcedPause();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the contract is not paused.
     */
    function _requirePaused() internal view virtual {
        if (!paused()) {
            revert ExpectedPause();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Triggers stopped state.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must not be paused.
     */
    function _pause() internal virtual whenNotPaused {
        PausableStorage storage $ = _getPausableStorage();
        $._paused = true;
        emit Paused(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns to normal state.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must be paused.
     */
    function _unpause() internal virtual whenPaused {
        PausableStorage storage $ = _getPausableStorage();
        $._paused = false;
        emit Unpaused(_msgSender());
    }
}

File 15 of 30 : draft-IERC6093.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (interfaces/draft-IERC6093.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Standard ERC20 Errors
 * Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC20 tokens.
 */
interface IERC20Errors {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates an error related to the current `balance` of a `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     * @param balance Current balance for the interacting account.
     * @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.
     */
    error ERC20InsufficientBalance(address sender, uint256 balance, uint256 needed);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidSender(address sender);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.
     * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidReceiver(address receiver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `spender`’s `allowance`. Used in transfers.
     * @param spender Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     * @param allowance Amount of tokens a `spender` is allowed to operate with.
     * @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.
     */
    error ERC20InsufficientAllowance(address spender, uint256 allowance, uint256 needed);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidApprover(address approver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `spender` to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param spender Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidSpender(address spender);
}

/**
 * @dev Standard ERC721 Errors
 * Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC721 tokens.
 */
interface IERC721Errors {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates that an address can't be an owner. For example, `address(0)` is a forbidden owner in EIP-20.
     * Used in balance queries.
     * @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidOwner(address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a `tokenId` whose `owner` is the zero address.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     */
    error ERC721NonexistentToken(uint256 tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates an error related to the ownership over a particular token. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     * @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.
     */
    error ERC721IncorrectOwner(address sender, uint256 tokenId, address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidSender(address sender);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.
     * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidReceiver(address receiver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator`’s approval. Used in transfers.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     */
    error ERC721InsufficientApproval(address operator, uint256 tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidApprover(address approver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator` to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidOperator(address operator);
}

/**
 * @dev Standard ERC1155 Errors
 * Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC1155 tokens.
 */
interface IERC1155Errors {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates an error related to the current `balance` of a `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     * @param balance Current balance for the interacting account.
     * @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     */
    error ERC1155InsufficientBalance(address sender, uint256 balance, uint256 needed, uint256 tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidSender(address sender);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.
     * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidReceiver(address receiver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator`’s approval. Used in transfers.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     * @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.
     */
    error ERC1155MissingApprovalForAll(address operator, address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidApprover(address approver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator` to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidOperator(address operator);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates an array length mismatch between ids and values in a safeBatchTransferFrom operation.
     * Used in batch transfers.
     * @param idsLength Length of the array of token identifiers
     * @param valuesLength Length of the array of token amounts
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidArrayLength(uint256 idsLength, uint256 valuesLength);
}

File 16 of 30 : IERC4626.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (interfaces/IERC4626.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "../token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import {IERC20Metadata} from "../token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC4626 "Tokenized Vault Standard", as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4626[ERC-4626].
 */
interface IERC4626 is IERC20, IERC20Metadata {
    event Deposit(address indexed sender, address indexed owner, uint256 assets, uint256 shares);

    event Withdraw(
        address indexed sender,
        address indexed receiver,
        address indexed owner,
        uint256 assets,
        uint256 shares
    );

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the underlying token used for the Vault for accounting, depositing, and withdrawing.
     *
     * - MUST be an ERC-20 token contract.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     */
    function asset() external view returns (address assetTokenAddress);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the total amount of the underlying asset that is “managed” by Vault.
     *
     * - SHOULD include any compounding that occurs from yield.
     * - MUST be inclusive of any fees that are charged against assets in the Vault.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     */
    function totalAssets() external view returns (uint256 totalManagedAssets);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of shares that the Vault would exchange for the amount of assets provided, in an ideal
     * scenario where all the conditions are met.
     *
     * - MUST NOT be inclusive of any fees that are charged against assets in the Vault.
     * - MUST NOT show any variations depending on the caller.
     * - MUST NOT reflect slippage or other on-chain conditions, when performing the actual exchange.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     *
     * NOTE: This calculation MAY NOT reflect the “per-user” price-per-share, and instead should reflect the
     * “average-user’s” price-per-share, meaning what the average user should expect to see when exchanging to and
     * from.
     */
    function convertToShares(uint256 assets) external view returns (uint256 shares);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of assets that the Vault would exchange for the amount of shares provided, in an ideal
     * scenario where all the conditions are met.
     *
     * - MUST NOT be inclusive of any fees that are charged against assets in the Vault.
     * - MUST NOT show any variations depending on the caller.
     * - MUST NOT reflect slippage or other on-chain conditions, when performing the actual exchange.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     *
     * NOTE: This calculation MAY NOT reflect the “per-user” price-per-share, and instead should reflect the
     * “average-user’s” price-per-share, meaning what the average user should expect to see when exchanging to and
     * from.
     */
    function convertToAssets(uint256 shares) external view returns (uint256 assets);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the maximum amount of the underlying asset that can be deposited into the Vault for the receiver,
     * through a deposit call.
     *
     * - MUST return a limited value if receiver is subject to some deposit limit.
     * - MUST return 2 ** 256 - 1 if there is no limit on the maximum amount of assets that may be deposited.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     */
    function maxDeposit(address receiver) external view returns (uint256 maxAssets);

    /**
     * @dev Allows an on-chain or off-chain user to simulate the effects of their deposit at the current block, given
     * current on-chain conditions.
     *
     * - MUST return as close to and no more than the exact amount of Vault shares that would be minted in a deposit
     *   call in the same transaction. I.e. deposit should return the same or more shares as previewDeposit if called
     *   in the same transaction.
     * - MUST NOT account for deposit limits like those returned from maxDeposit and should always act as though the
     *   deposit would be accepted, regardless if the user has enough tokens approved, etc.
     * - MUST be inclusive of deposit fees. Integrators should be aware of the existence of deposit fees.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     *
     * NOTE: any unfavorable discrepancy between convertToShares and previewDeposit SHOULD be considered slippage in
     * share price or some other type of condition, meaning the depositor will lose assets by depositing.
     */
    function previewDeposit(uint256 assets) external view returns (uint256 shares);

    /**
     * @dev Mints shares Vault shares to receiver by depositing exactly amount of underlying tokens.
     *
     * - MUST emit the Deposit event.
     * - MAY support an additional flow in which the underlying tokens are owned by the Vault contract before the
     *   deposit execution, and are accounted for during deposit.
     * - MUST revert if all of assets cannot be deposited (due to deposit limit being reached, slippage, the user not
     *   approving enough underlying tokens to the Vault contract, etc).
     *
     * NOTE: most implementations will require pre-approval of the Vault with the Vault’s underlying asset token.
     */
    function deposit(uint256 assets, address receiver) external returns (uint256 shares);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the maximum amount of the Vault shares that can be minted for the receiver, through a mint call.
     * - MUST return a limited value if receiver is subject to some mint limit.
     * - MUST return 2 ** 256 - 1 if there is no limit on the maximum amount of shares that may be minted.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     */
    function maxMint(address receiver) external view returns (uint256 maxShares);

    /**
     * @dev Allows an on-chain or off-chain user to simulate the effects of their mint at the current block, given
     * current on-chain conditions.
     *
     * - MUST return as close to and no fewer than the exact amount of assets that would be deposited in a mint call
     *   in the same transaction. I.e. mint should return the same or fewer assets as previewMint if called in the
     *   same transaction.
     * - MUST NOT account for mint limits like those returned from maxMint and should always act as though the mint
     *   would be accepted, regardless if the user has enough tokens approved, etc.
     * - MUST be inclusive of deposit fees. Integrators should be aware of the existence of deposit fees.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     *
     * NOTE: any unfavorable discrepancy between convertToAssets and previewMint SHOULD be considered slippage in
     * share price or some other type of condition, meaning the depositor will lose assets by minting.
     */
    function previewMint(uint256 shares) external view returns (uint256 assets);

    /**
     * @dev Mints exactly shares Vault shares to receiver by depositing amount of underlying tokens.
     *
     * - MUST emit the Deposit event.
     * - MAY support an additional flow in which the underlying tokens are owned by the Vault contract before the mint
     *   execution, and are accounted for during mint.
     * - MUST revert if all of shares cannot be minted (due to deposit limit being reached, slippage, the user not
     *   approving enough underlying tokens to the Vault contract, etc).
     *
     * NOTE: most implementations will require pre-approval of the Vault with the Vault’s underlying asset token.
     */
    function mint(uint256 shares, address receiver) external returns (uint256 assets);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the maximum amount of the underlying asset that can be withdrawn from the owner balance in the
     * Vault, through a withdraw call.
     *
     * - MUST return a limited value if owner is subject to some withdrawal limit or timelock.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     */
    function maxWithdraw(address owner) external view returns (uint256 maxAssets);

    /**
     * @dev Allows an on-chain or off-chain user to simulate the effects of their withdrawal at the current block,
     * given current on-chain conditions.
     *
     * - MUST return as close to and no fewer than the exact amount of Vault shares that would be burned in a withdraw
     *   call in the same transaction. I.e. withdraw should return the same or fewer shares as previewWithdraw if
     *   called
     *   in the same transaction.
     * - MUST NOT account for withdrawal limits like those returned from maxWithdraw and should always act as though
     *   the withdrawal would be accepted, regardless if the user has enough shares, etc.
     * - MUST be inclusive of withdrawal fees. Integrators should be aware of the existence of withdrawal fees.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     *
     * NOTE: any unfavorable discrepancy between convertToShares and previewWithdraw SHOULD be considered slippage in
     * share price or some other type of condition, meaning the depositor will lose assets by depositing.
     */
    function previewWithdraw(uint256 assets) external view returns (uint256 shares);

    /**
     * @dev Burns shares from owner and sends exactly assets of underlying tokens to receiver.
     *
     * - MUST emit the Withdraw event.
     * - MAY support an additional flow in which the underlying tokens are owned by the Vault contract before the
     *   withdraw execution, and are accounted for during withdraw.
     * - MUST revert if all of assets cannot be withdrawn (due to withdrawal limit being reached, slippage, the owner
     *   not having enough shares, etc).
     *
     * Note that some implementations will require pre-requesting to the Vault before a withdrawal may be performed.
     * Those methods should be performed separately.
     */
    function withdraw(uint256 assets, address receiver, address owner) external returns (uint256 shares);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the maximum amount of Vault shares that can be redeemed from the owner balance in the Vault,
     * through a redeem call.
     *
     * - MUST return a limited value if owner is subject to some withdrawal limit or timelock.
     * - MUST return balanceOf(owner) if owner is not subject to any withdrawal limit or timelock.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     */
    function maxRedeem(address owner) external view returns (uint256 maxShares);

    /**
     * @dev Allows an on-chain or off-chain user to simulate the effects of their redeemption at the current block,
     * given current on-chain conditions.
     *
     * - MUST return as close to and no more than the exact amount of assets that would be withdrawn in a redeem call
     *   in the same transaction. I.e. redeem should return the same or more assets as previewRedeem if called in the
     *   same transaction.
     * - MUST NOT account for redemption limits like those returned from maxRedeem and should always act as though the
     *   redemption would be accepted, regardless if the user has enough shares, etc.
     * - MUST be inclusive of withdrawal fees. Integrators should be aware of the existence of withdrawal fees.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     *
     * NOTE: any unfavorable discrepancy between convertToAssets and previewRedeem SHOULD be considered slippage in
     * share price or some other type of condition, meaning the depositor will lose assets by redeeming.
     */
    function previewRedeem(uint256 shares) external view returns (uint256 assets);

    /**
     * @dev Burns exactly shares from owner and sends assets of underlying tokens to receiver.
     *
     * - MUST emit the Withdraw event.
     * - MAY support an additional flow in which the underlying tokens are owned by the Vault contract before the
     *   redeem execution, and are accounted for during redeem.
     * - MUST revert if all of shares cannot be redeemed (due to withdrawal limit being reached, slippage, the owner
     *   not having enough shares, etc).
     *
     * NOTE: some implementations will require pre-requesting to the Vault before a withdrawal may be performed.
     * Those methods should be performed separately.
     */
    function redeem(uint256 shares, address receiver, address owner) external returns (uint256 assets);
}

File 17 of 30 : IERC20Metadata.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "../IERC20.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface for the optional metadata functions from the ERC20 standard.
 */
interface IERC20Metadata is IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the decimals places of the token.
     */
    function decimals() external view returns (uint8);
}

File 18 of 30 : IERC20Permit.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
 *
 * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
 * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't
 * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
 *
 * ==== Security Considerations
 *
 * There are two important considerations concerning the use of `permit`. The first is that a valid permit signature
 * expresses an allowance, and it should not be assumed to convey additional meaning. In particular, it should not be
 * considered as an intention to spend the allowance in any specific way. The second is that because permits have
 * built-in replay protection and can be submitted by anyone, they can be frontrun. A protocol that uses permits should
 * take this into consideration and allow a `permit` call to fail. Combining these two aspects, a pattern that may be
 * generally recommended is:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function doThingWithPermit(..., uint256 value, uint256 deadline, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) public {
 *     try token.permit(msg.sender, address(this), value, deadline, v, r, s) {} catch {}
 *     doThing(..., value);
 * }
 *
 * function doThing(..., uint256 value) public {
 *     token.safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), value);
 *     ...
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Observe that: 1) `msg.sender` is used as the owner, leaving no ambiguity as to the signer intent, and 2) the use of
 * `try/catch` allows the permit to fail and makes the code tolerant to frontrunning. (See also
 * {SafeERC20-safeTransferFrom}).
 *
 * Additionally, note that smart contract wallets (such as Argent or Safe) are not able to produce permit signatures, so
 * contracts should have entry points that don't rely on permit.
 */
interface IERC20Permit {
    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens,
     * given ``owner``'s signed approval.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction
     * ordering also apply here.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future.
     * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner`
     * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments.
     * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}).
     *
     * For more information on the signature format, see the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP
     * section].
     *
     * CAUTION: See Security Considerations above.
     */
    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be
     * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}.
     *
     * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This
     * prevents a signature from being used multiple times.
     */
    function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);
}

File 19 of 30 : IERC20.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets a `value` amount of tokens as the allowance of `spender` over the
     * caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `value` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);
}

File 20 of 30 : SafeERC20.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "../IERC20.sol";
import {IERC20Permit} from "../extensions/IERC20Permit.sol";
import {Address} from "../../../utils/Address.sol";

/**
 * @title SafeERC20
 * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure (when the token
 * contract returns false). Tokens that return no value (and instead revert or
 * throw on failure) are also supported, non-reverting calls are assumed to be
 * successful.
 * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for IERC20;` statement to your contract,
 * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc.
 */
library SafeERC20 {
    using Address for address;

    /**
     * @dev An operation with an ERC20 token failed.
     */
    error SafeERC20FailedOperation(address token);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failed `decreaseAllowance` request.
     */
    error SafeERC20FailedDecreaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 currentAllowance, uint256 requestedDecrease);

    /**
     * @dev Transfer `value` amount of `token` from the calling contract to `to`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeTransfer(IERC20 token, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeCall(token.transfer, (to, value)));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfer `value` amount of `token` from `from` to `to`, spending the approval given by `from` to the
     * calling contract. If `token` returns no value, non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(IERC20 token, address from, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeCall(token.transferFrom, (from, to, value)));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Increase the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` by `value`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeIncreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
        forceApprove(token, spender, oldAllowance + value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Decrease the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` by `requestedDecrease`. If `token` returns no
     * value, non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeDecreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 requestedDecrease) internal {
        unchecked {
            uint256 currentAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
            if (currentAllowance < requestedDecrease) {
                revert SafeERC20FailedDecreaseAllowance(spender, currentAllowance, requestedDecrease);
            }
            forceApprove(token, spender, currentAllowance - requestedDecrease);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Set the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` to `value`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful. Meant to be used with tokens that require the approval
     * to be set to zero before setting it to a non-zero value, such as USDT.
     */
    function forceApprove(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        bytes memory approvalCall = abi.encodeCall(token.approve, (spender, value));

        if (!_callOptionalReturnBool(token, approvalCall)) {
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeCall(token.approve, (spender, 0)));
            _callOptionalReturn(token, approvalCall);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
     * @param token The token targeted by the call.
     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
     */
    function _callOptionalReturn(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private {
        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
        // we're implementing it ourselves. We use {Address-functionCall} to perform this call, which verifies that
        // the target address contains contract code and also asserts for success in the low-level call.

        bytes memory returndata = address(token).functionCall(data);
        if (returndata.length != 0 && !abi.decode(returndata, (bool))) {
            revert SafeERC20FailedOperation(address(token));
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
     * @param token The token targeted by the call.
     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
     *
     * This is a variant of {_callOptionalReturn} that silents catches all reverts and returns a bool instead.
     */
    function _callOptionalReturnBool(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private returns (bool) {
        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
        // we're implementing it ourselves. We cannot use {Address-functionCall} here since this should return false
        // and not revert is the subcall reverts.

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = address(token).call(data);
        return success && (returndata.length == 0 || abi.decode(returndata, (bool))) && address(token).code.length > 0;
    }
}

File 21 of 30 : Address.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev The ETH balance of the account is not enough to perform the operation.
     */
    error AddressInsufficientBalance(address account);

    /**
     * @dev There's no code at `target` (it is not a contract).
     */
    error AddressEmptyCode(address target);

    /**
     * @dev A call to an address target failed. The target may have reverted.
     */
    error FailedInnerCall();

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://consensys.net/diligence/blog/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.8.20/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        if (address(this).balance < amount) {
            revert AddressInsufficientBalance(address(this));
        }

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        if (!success) {
            revert FailedInnerCall();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason or custom error, it is bubbled
     * up by this function (like regular Solidity function calls). However, if
     * the call reverted with no returned reason, this function reverts with a
     * {FailedInnerCall} error.
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        if (address(this).balance < value) {
            revert AddressInsufficientBalance(address(this));
        }
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and reverts if the target
     * was not a contract or bubbling up the revert reason (falling back to {FailedInnerCall}) in case of an
     * unsuccessful call.
     */
    function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
        address target,
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        if (!success) {
            _revert(returndata);
        } else {
            // only check if target is a contract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
            // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
            if (returndata.length == 0 && target.code.length == 0) {
                revert AddressEmptyCode(target);
            }
            return returndata;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and reverts if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason or with a default {FailedInnerCall} error.
     */
    function verifyCallResult(bool success, bytes memory returndata) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (!success) {
            _revert(returndata);
        } else {
            return returndata;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts with returndata if present. Otherwise reverts with {FailedInnerCall}.
     */
    function _revert(bytes memory returndata) private pure {
        // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
            }
        } else {
            revert FailedInnerCall();
        }
    }
}

File 22 of 30 : Math.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library Math {
    /**
     * @dev Muldiv operation overflow.
     */
    error MathOverflowedMulDiv();

    enum Rounding {
        Floor, // Toward negative infinity
        Ceil, // Toward positive infinity
        Trunc, // Toward zero
        Expand // Away from zero
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     */
    function tryAdd(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 c = a + b;
            if (c < a) return (false, 0);
            return (true, c);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     */
    function trySub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b > a) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a - b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     */
    function tryMul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
            // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
            // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/522
            if (a == 0) return (true, 0);
            uint256 c = a * b;
            if (c / a != b) return (false, 0);
            return (true, c);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the division of two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
     */
    function tryDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a / b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
     */
    function tryMod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a % b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
        return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
     *
     * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds towards infinity instead
     * of rounding towards zero.
     */
    function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (b == 0) {
            // Guarantee the same behavior as in a regular Solidity division.
            return a / b;
        }

        // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute.
        return a == 0 ? 0 : (a - 1) / b + 1;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or
     * denominator == 0.
     * @dev Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv) with further edits by
     * Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use
            // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
            // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0.
            uint256 prod0 = x * y; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
            uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
            assembly {
                let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
                prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
            }

            // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
            if (prod1 == 0) {
                // Solidity will revert if denominator == 0, unlike the div opcode on its own.
                // The surrounding unchecked block does not change this fact.
                // See https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/control-structures.html#checked-or-unchecked-arithmetic.
                return prod0 / denominator;
            }

            // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0.
            if (denominator <= prod1) {
                revert MathOverflowedMulDiv();
            }

            ///////////////////////////////////////////////
            // 512 by 256 division.
            ///////////////////////////////////////////////

            // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
            uint256 remainder;
            assembly {
                // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)

                // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
                prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
            }

            // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator.
            // Always >= 1. See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.

            uint256 twos = denominator & (0 - denominator);
            assembly {
                // Divide denominator by twos.
                denominator := div(denominator, twos)

                // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
                prod0 := div(prod0, twos)

                // Flip twos such that it is 2^256 / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
            }

            // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
            prod0 |= prod1 * twos;

            // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such
            // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
            // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4.
            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;

            // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also
            // works in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256

            // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
            // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
            // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
            // is no longer required.
            result = prod0 * inverse;
            return result;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = mulDiv(x, y, denominator);
        if (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0) {
            result += 1;
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded
     * towards zero.
     *
     * Inspired by Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s "Hacker's Delight" (Chapter 11).
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        // For our first guess, we get the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of the target.
        //
        // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of our target number `a` is a power of 2 such that we have
        // `msb(a) <= a < 2*msb(a)`. This value can be written `msb(a)=2**k` with `k=log2(a)`.
        //
        // This can be rewritten `2**log2(a) <= a < 2**(log2(a) + 1)`
        // → `sqrt(2**k) <= sqrt(a) < sqrt(2**(k+1))`
        // → `2**(k/2) <= sqrt(a) < 2**((k+1)/2) <= 2**(k/2 + 1)`
        //
        // Consequently, `2**(log2(a) / 2)` is a good first approximation of `sqrt(a)` with at least 1 correct bit.
        uint256 result = 1 << (log2(a) >> 1);

        // At this point `result` is an estimation with one bit of precision. We know the true value is a uint128,
        // since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision doubles at
        // every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of precision
        // into the expected uint128 result.
        unchecked {
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            return min(result, a / result);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = sqrt(a);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && result * result < a ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 128;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                value >>= 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 4 > 0) {
                value >>= 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 2 > 0) {
                value >>= 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 1 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log2(value);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 1 << result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >= 10 ** 64) {
                value /= 10 ** 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 32) {
                value /= 10 ** 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 16) {
                value /= 10 ** 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 8) {
                value /= 10 ** 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 4) {
                value /= 10 ** 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 2) {
                value /= 10 ** 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 1) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log10(value);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 10 ** result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     *
     * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log256(value);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 1 << (result << 3) < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether a provided rounding mode is considered rounding up for unsigned integers.
     */
    function unsignedRoundsUp(Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return uint8(rounding) % 2 == 1;
    }
}

File 23 of 30 : SafeCast.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/math/SafeCast.sol)
// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/SafeCast.js.

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Wrappers over Solidity's uintXX/intXX casting operators with added overflow
 * checks.
 *
 * Downcasting from uint256/int256 in Solidity does not revert on overflow. This can
 * easily result in undesired exploitation or bugs, since developers usually
 * assume that overflows raise errors. `SafeCast` restores this intuition by
 * reverting the transaction when such an operation overflows.
 *
 * Using this library instead of the unchecked operations eliminates an entire
 * class of bugs, so it's recommended to use it always.
 */
library SafeCast {
    /**
     * @dev Value doesn't fit in an uint of `bits` size.
     */
    error SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(uint8 bits, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev An int value doesn't fit in an uint of `bits` size.
     */
    error SafeCastOverflowedIntToUint(int256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Value doesn't fit in an int of `bits` size.
     */
    error SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(uint8 bits, int256 value);

    /**
     * @dev An uint value doesn't fit in an int of `bits` size.
     */
    error SafeCastOverflowedUintToInt(uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint248 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint248).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint248` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 248 bits
     */
    function toUint248(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint248) {
        if (value > type(uint248).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(248, value);
        }
        return uint248(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint240 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint240).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint240` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 240 bits
     */
    function toUint240(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint240) {
        if (value > type(uint240).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(240, value);
        }
        return uint240(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint232 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint232).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint232` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 232 bits
     */
    function toUint232(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint232) {
        if (value > type(uint232).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(232, value);
        }
        return uint232(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint224 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint224).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint224` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 224 bits
     */
    function toUint224(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint224) {
        if (value > type(uint224).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(224, value);
        }
        return uint224(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint216 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint216).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint216` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 216 bits
     */
    function toUint216(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint216) {
        if (value > type(uint216).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(216, value);
        }
        return uint216(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint208 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint208).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint208` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 208 bits
     */
    function toUint208(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint208) {
        if (value > type(uint208).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(208, value);
        }
        return uint208(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint200 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint200).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint200` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 200 bits
     */
    function toUint200(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint200) {
        if (value > type(uint200).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(200, value);
        }
        return uint200(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint192 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint192).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint192` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 192 bits
     */
    function toUint192(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        if (value > type(uint192).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(192, value);
        }
        return uint192(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint184 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint184).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint184` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 184 bits
     */
    function toUint184(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint184) {
        if (value > type(uint184).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(184, value);
        }
        return uint184(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint176 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint176).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint176` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 176 bits
     */
    function toUint176(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint176) {
        if (value > type(uint176).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(176, value);
        }
        return uint176(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint168 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint168).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint168` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 168 bits
     */
    function toUint168(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint168) {
        if (value > type(uint168).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(168, value);
        }
        return uint168(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint160 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint160).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint160` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 160 bits
     */
    function toUint160(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint160) {
        if (value > type(uint160).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(160, value);
        }
        return uint160(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint152 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint152).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint152` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 152 bits
     */
    function toUint152(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint152) {
        if (value > type(uint152).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(152, value);
        }
        return uint152(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint144 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint144).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint144` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 144 bits
     */
    function toUint144(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint144) {
        if (value > type(uint144).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(144, value);
        }
        return uint144(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint136 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint136).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint136` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 136 bits
     */
    function toUint136(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint136) {
        if (value > type(uint136).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(136, value);
        }
        return uint136(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint128 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint128).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint128` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 128 bits
     */
    function toUint128(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint128) {
        if (value > type(uint128).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(128, value);
        }
        return uint128(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint120 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint120).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint120` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 120 bits
     */
    function toUint120(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint120) {
        if (value > type(uint120).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(120, value);
        }
        return uint120(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint112 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint112).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint112` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 112 bits
     */
    function toUint112(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint112) {
        if (value > type(uint112).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(112, value);
        }
        return uint112(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint104 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint104).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint104` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 104 bits
     */
    function toUint104(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint104) {
        if (value > type(uint104).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(104, value);
        }
        return uint104(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint96 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint96).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint96` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 96 bits
     */
    function toUint96(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint96) {
        if (value > type(uint96).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(96, value);
        }
        return uint96(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint88 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint88).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint88` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 88 bits
     */
    function toUint88(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint88) {
        if (value > type(uint88).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(88, value);
        }
        return uint88(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint80 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint80).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint80` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 80 bits
     */
    function toUint80(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint80) {
        if (value > type(uint80).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(80, value);
        }
        return uint80(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint72 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint72).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint72` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 72 bits
     */
    function toUint72(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint72) {
        if (value > type(uint72).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(72, value);
        }
        return uint72(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint64 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint64).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint64` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 64 bits
     */
    function toUint64(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint64) {
        if (value > type(uint64).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(64, value);
        }
        return uint64(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint56 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint56).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint56` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 56 bits
     */
    function toUint56(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint56) {
        if (value > type(uint56).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(56, value);
        }
        return uint56(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint48 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint48).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint48` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 48 bits
     */
    function toUint48(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint48) {
        if (value > type(uint48).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(48, value);
        }
        return uint48(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint40 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint40).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint40` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 40 bits
     */
    function toUint40(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint40) {
        if (value > type(uint40).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(40, value);
        }
        return uint40(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint32 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint32).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint32` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 32 bits
     */
    function toUint32(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint32) {
        if (value > type(uint32).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(32, value);
        }
        return uint32(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint24 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint24).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint24` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 24 bits
     */
    function toUint24(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint24) {
        if (value > type(uint24).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(24, value);
        }
        return uint24(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint16 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint16).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint16` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 16 bits
     */
    function toUint16(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint16) {
        if (value > type(uint16).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(16, value);
        }
        return uint16(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint8 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint8).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint8` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 8 bits
     */
    function toUint8(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint8) {
        if (value > type(uint8).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(8, value);
        }
        return uint8(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a signed int256 into an unsigned uint256.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must be greater than or equal to 0.
     */
    function toUint256(int256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (value < 0) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntToUint(value);
        }
        return uint256(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int248 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int248 or
     * greater than largest int248).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int248` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 248 bits
     */
    function toInt248(int256 value) internal pure returns (int248 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int248(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(248, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int240 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int240 or
     * greater than largest int240).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int240` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 240 bits
     */
    function toInt240(int256 value) internal pure returns (int240 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int240(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(240, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int232 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int232 or
     * greater than largest int232).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int232` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 232 bits
     */
    function toInt232(int256 value) internal pure returns (int232 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int232(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(232, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int224 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int224 or
     * greater than largest int224).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int224` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 224 bits
     */
    function toInt224(int256 value) internal pure returns (int224 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int224(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(224, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int216 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int216 or
     * greater than largest int216).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int216` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 216 bits
     */
    function toInt216(int256 value) internal pure returns (int216 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int216(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(216, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int208 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int208 or
     * greater than largest int208).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int208` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 208 bits
     */
    function toInt208(int256 value) internal pure returns (int208 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int208(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(208, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int200 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int200 or
     * greater than largest int200).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int200` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 200 bits
     */
    function toInt200(int256 value) internal pure returns (int200 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int200(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(200, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int192 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int192 or
     * greater than largest int192).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int192` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 192 bits
     */
    function toInt192(int256 value) internal pure returns (int192 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int192(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(192, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int184 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int184 or
     * greater than largest int184).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int184` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 184 bits
     */
    function toInt184(int256 value) internal pure returns (int184 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int184(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(184, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int176 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int176 or
     * greater than largest int176).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int176` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 176 bits
     */
    function toInt176(int256 value) internal pure returns (int176 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int176(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(176, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int168 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int168 or
     * greater than largest int168).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int168` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 168 bits
     */
    function toInt168(int256 value) internal pure returns (int168 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int168(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(168, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int160 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int160 or
     * greater than largest int160).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int160` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 160 bits
     */
    function toInt160(int256 value) internal pure returns (int160 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int160(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(160, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int152 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int152 or
     * greater than largest int152).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int152` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 152 bits
     */
    function toInt152(int256 value) internal pure returns (int152 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int152(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(152, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int144 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int144 or
     * greater than largest int144).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int144` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 144 bits
     */
    function toInt144(int256 value) internal pure returns (int144 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int144(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(144, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int136 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int136 or
     * greater than largest int136).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int136` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 136 bits
     */
    function toInt136(int256 value) internal pure returns (int136 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int136(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(136, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int128 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int128 or
     * greater than largest int128).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int128` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 128 bits
     */
    function toInt128(int256 value) internal pure returns (int128 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int128(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(128, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int120 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int120 or
     * greater than largest int120).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int120` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 120 bits
     */
    function toInt120(int256 value) internal pure returns (int120 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int120(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(120, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int112 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int112 or
     * greater than largest int112).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int112` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 112 bits
     */
    function toInt112(int256 value) internal pure returns (int112 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int112(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(112, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int104 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int104 or
     * greater than largest int104).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int104` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 104 bits
     */
    function toInt104(int256 value) internal pure returns (int104 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int104(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(104, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int96 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int96 or
     * greater than largest int96).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int96` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 96 bits
     */
    function toInt96(int256 value) internal pure returns (int96 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int96(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(96, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int88 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int88 or
     * greater than largest int88).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int88` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 88 bits
     */
    function toInt88(int256 value) internal pure returns (int88 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int88(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(88, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int80 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int80 or
     * greater than largest int80).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int80` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 80 bits
     */
    function toInt80(int256 value) internal pure returns (int80 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int80(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(80, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int72 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int72 or
     * greater than largest int72).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int72` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 72 bits
     */
    function toInt72(int256 value) internal pure returns (int72 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int72(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(72, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int64 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int64 or
     * greater than largest int64).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int64` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 64 bits
     */
    function toInt64(int256 value) internal pure returns (int64 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int64(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(64, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int56 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int56 or
     * greater than largest int56).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int56` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 56 bits
     */
    function toInt56(int256 value) internal pure returns (int56 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int56(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(56, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int48 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int48 or
     * greater than largest int48).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int48` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 48 bits
     */
    function toInt48(int256 value) internal pure returns (int48 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int48(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(48, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int40 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int40 or
     * greater than largest int40).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int40` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 40 bits
     */
    function toInt40(int256 value) internal pure returns (int40 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int40(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(40, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int32 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int32 or
     * greater than largest int32).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int32` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 32 bits
     */
    function toInt32(int256 value) internal pure returns (int32 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int32(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(32, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int24 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int24 or
     * greater than largest int24).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int24` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 24 bits
     */
    function toInt24(int256 value) internal pure returns (int24 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int24(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(24, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int16 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int16 or
     * greater than largest int16).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int16` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 16 bits
     */
    function toInt16(int256 value) internal pure returns (int16 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int16(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(16, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int8 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int8 or
     * greater than largest int8).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int8` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 8 bits
     */
    function toInt8(int256 value) internal pure returns (int8 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int8(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(8, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an unsigned uint256 into a signed int256.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must be less than or equal to maxInt256.
     */
    function toInt256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (int256) {
        // Note: Unsafe cast below is okay because `type(int256).max` is guaranteed to be positive
        if (value > uint256(type(int256).max)) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintToInt(value);
        }
        return int256(value);
    }
}

File 24 of 30 : IReceiveApproval.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

/// @notice An interface that should be implemented by contracts supporting
///         `approveAndCall`/`receiveApproval` pattern.
interface IReceiveApproval {
    /// @notice Receives approval to spend tokens. Called as a result of
    ///         `approveAndCall` call on the token.
    function receiveApproval(
        address from,
        uint256 amount,
        address token,
        bytes calldata extraData
    ) external;
}

File 25 of 30 : IDispatcher.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
pragma solidity 0.8.24;

/// @title IDispatcher
/// @notice Interface for the Dispatcher contract.
interface IDispatcher {
    /// @notice Withdraw assets from the Dispatcher.
    function withdraw(uint256 amount) external;

    /// @notice Returns the total amount of assets held by the Dispatcher.
    function totalAssets() external view returns (uint256);
}

File 26 of 30 : ERC4626Fees.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

// Inspired by https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/5.x/erc4626#fees

pragma solidity 0.8.24;

import {IERC20} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import {ERC4626NonFungibleWithdrawals} from "./ERC4626NonFungibleWithdrawals.sol";
import {SafeERC20} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
import {Math} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/Math.sol";

/// @dev ERC4626 vault with entry/exit fees expressed in https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point[basis point (bp)].
abstract contract ERC4626Fees is ERC4626NonFungibleWithdrawals {
    using Math for uint256;

    uint256 internal constant _BASIS_POINT_SCALE = 1e4;

    // === Overrides ===

    /// @dev Calculate the maximum amount of assets that can be withdrawn
    ///      by an account including fees. See {IERC4626-maxWithdraw}.
    function maxWithdraw(
        address account
    ) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 maxAssets = super.maxWithdraw(account);
        return maxAssets - _feeOnTotal(maxAssets, _exitFeeBasisPoints());
    }

    /// @dev Preview taking an entry fee on deposit. See {IERC4626-previewDeposit}.
    function previewDeposit(
        uint256 assets
    ) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 fee = _feeOnTotal(assets, _entryFeeBasisPoints());
        return super.previewDeposit(assets - fee);
    }

    /// @dev Preview adding an entry fee on mint. See {IERC4626-previewMint}.
    function previewMint(
        uint256 shares
    ) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 assets = super.previewMint(shares);
        return assets + _feeOnRaw(assets, _entryFeeBasisPoints());
    }

    /// @dev Preview adding an exit fee on withdraw. See {IERC4626-previewWithdraw}.
    function previewWithdraw(
        uint256 assets
    ) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 fee = _feeOnRaw(assets, _exitFeeBasisPoints());
        return super.previewWithdraw(assets + fee);
    }

    /// @dev Preview taking an exit fee on redeem. See {IERC4626-previewRedeem}.
    function previewRedeem(
        uint256 shares
    ) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 assets = super.previewRedeem(shares);
        return assets - _feeOnTotal(assets, _exitFeeBasisPoints());
    }

    /// @dev Send entry fee to {_feeRecipient}. See {IERC4626-_deposit}.
    function _deposit(
        address caller,
        address receiver,
        uint256 assets,
        uint256 shares
    ) internal virtual override {
        uint256 fee = _feeOnTotal(assets, _entryFeeBasisPoints());
        address recipient = _feeRecipient();

        super._deposit(caller, receiver, assets, shares);

        if (fee > 0 && recipient != address(this)) {
            SafeERC20.safeTransfer(IERC20(asset()), recipient, fee);
        }
    }

    /// @dev Send exit fee to {_exitFeeRecipient}. See {IERC4626-_deposit}.
    function _withdraw(
        address caller,
        address receiver,
        address owner,
        uint256 assets,
        uint256 shares
    ) internal virtual override {
        uint256 fee = _feeOnRaw(assets, _exitFeeBasisPoints());
        address recipient = _feeRecipient();

        super._withdraw(caller, receiver, owner, assets, shares);

        if (fee > 0 && recipient != address(this)) {
            SafeERC20.safeTransfer(IERC20(asset()), recipient, fee);
        }
    }

    // === Fee configuration ===

    // slither-disable-next-line dead-code
    function _entryFeeBasisPoints() internal view virtual returns (uint256);

    // slither-disable-next-line dead-code
    function _exitFeeBasisPoints() internal view virtual returns (uint256);

    // slither-disable-next-line dead-code
    function _feeRecipient() internal view virtual returns (address);

    // === Fee operations ===

    /// @dev Calculates the fees that should be added to an amount `assets`
    ///      that does not already include fees.
    /// Used in {IERC4626-mint} and {IERC4626-withdraw} operations.
    function _feeOnRaw(
        uint256 assets,
        uint256 feeBasisPoints
    ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return
            assets.mulDiv(
                feeBasisPoints,
                _BASIS_POINT_SCALE,
                Math.Rounding.Ceil
            );
    }

    /// @dev Calculates the fee part of an amount `assets` that already includes fees.
    /// Used in {IERC4626-deposit} and {IERC4626-redeem} operations.
    function _feeOnTotal(
        uint256 assets,
        uint256 feeBasisPoints
    ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return
            assets.mulDiv(
                feeBasisPoints,
                feeBasisPoints + _BASIS_POINT_SCALE,
                Math.Rounding.Ceil
            );
    }
}

File 27 of 30 : ERC4626NonFungibleWithdrawals.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.24;

import {ERC4626Upgradeable} from "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC4626Upgradeable.sol";

import {Math} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/Math.sol";

/// @title ERC4626 Non-Fungible Withdrawals
/// @notice This contract introduces non-fungible withdrawals feature to the ERC4626
///         Vault. When enabled, the receiver/owner can withdraw a limited amount
///         of the underlying asset from the Vault, based on the shares that were
///         minted for the receiver/owner with the deposit. The feature is enabled
///         automatically on contract initialization and can be disabled by the
///         governance. Once disabled, the feature cannot be re-enabled.
abstract contract ERC4626NonFungibleWithdrawals is ERC4626Upgradeable {
    /// @notice Indicates whether the non-fungible withdrawals are enabled.
    bool public nonFungibleWithdrawalsEnabled;

    /// @notice The amount of shares that were minted for the receiver with the
    ///         deposit.
    mapping(address => uint256) public withdrawableShares;

    // Reserved storage space that allows adding more variables without affecting
    // the storage layout of the child contracts. The convention from OpenZeppelin
    // suggests the storage space should add up to 50 slots. If more variables are
    // added in the upcoming versions one need to reduce the array size accordingly.
    // See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
    // slither-disable-next-line unused-state
    uint256[49] private __gap;

    /// @notice Emitted when the non-fungible withdrawals are disabled.
    event NonFungibleWithdrawalsDisabled();

    /// @dev Initializes the contract by setting the non-fungible withdrawals to
    ///      enabled.
    function __ERC4626NonFungibleWithdrawals_init() internal onlyInitializing {
        nonFungibleWithdrawalsEnabled = true;
    }

    /// @dev Returns the maximum amount of the underlying asset that can be
    ///      withdrawn from the owner balance in the Vault, through a withdraw call.
    ///      If non-fungible withdrawals are enabled, the maximum amount is limited
    ///      by the shares that was minted for the owner with the deposit.
    function maxWithdraw(
        address owner
    ) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 maxWithdrawable = super.maxWithdraw(owner);

        if (nonFungibleWithdrawalsEnabled) {
            return
                Math.min(
                    maxWithdrawable,
                    convertToAssets(withdrawableShares[owner])
                );
        }

        return maxWithdrawable;
    }

    /// @dev Returns the maximum amount of Vault shares that can be redeemed from
    ///      the owner balance in the Vault, through a redeem call.
    ///      If non-fungible withdrawals are enabled, the maximum amount is limited
    ///      by the shares that was minted for the owner with the deposit.
    function maxRedeem(
        address owner
    ) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 maxRedeemable = super.maxRedeem(owner);

        if (nonFungibleWithdrawalsEnabled) {
            return Math.min(maxRedeemable, withdrawableShares[owner]);
        }

        return maxRedeemable;
    }

    /// @notice Disables the non-fungible withdrawals. Once disabled, the feature
    ///         cannot be re-enabled.
    /// @dev This function should be callable only by the owner.
    function _disableNonFungibleWithdrawals() internal {
        nonFungibleWithdrawalsEnabled = false;

        emit NonFungibleWithdrawalsDisabled();
    }

    /// @dev Overrides the {IERC4626-_deposit} function to track the shares that
    ///      were minted for the receiver with the deposit.
    function _deposit(
        address caller,
        address receiver,
        uint256 assets,
        uint256 shares
    ) internal virtual override {
        if (nonFungibleWithdrawalsEnabled) {
            withdrawableShares[receiver] += shares;
        }

        super._deposit(caller, receiver, assets, shares);
    }

    /// @dev Overrides the {IERC4626-_withdraw} function to track the shares that
    ///      were burned for the owner with the withdraw.
    function _withdraw(
        address caller,
        address receiver,
        address owner,
        uint256 assets,
        uint256 shares
    ) internal virtual override {
        if (nonFungibleWithdrawalsEnabled) {
            withdrawableShares[owner] -= shares;
        }

        super._withdraw(caller, receiver, owner, assets, shares);
    }
}

File 28 of 30 : PausableOwnable.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
pragma solidity 0.8.24;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/utils/PausableUpgradeable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/access/Ownable2StepUpgradeable.sol";

import {ZeroAddress} from "./utils/Errors.sol";

/// @title PausableOwnable
/// @notice This abstract contract extracts a common part of the emergency stop
///         mechanism. The emergency stop mechanism can be triggered by an
///         authorized account. Only owner of the contract can update pause
///         admin address.
abstract contract PausableOwnable is
    PausableUpgradeable,
    Ownable2StepUpgradeable
{
    /// @notice An authorized account that can trigger emergency stop mechanism.
    address public pauseAdmin;

    // Reserved storage space that allows adding more variables without affecting
    // the storage layout of the child contracts. The convention from OpenZeppelin
    // suggests the storage space should add up to 50 slots. If more variables are
    // added in the upcoming versions one need to reduce the array size accordingly.
    // See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
    // slither-disable-next-line unused-state
    uint256[49] private __gap;

    /// @notice Emitted when a pause admin address is updated.
    /// @param newAccount New pause admin address.
    /// @param oldAccount Old pause admin address.
    event PauseAdminUpdated(address newAccount, address oldAccount);

    /// @notice Reverts when an unauthorized account triggers the emergency stop
    ///         mechanism.
    error PausableUnauthorizedAccount(address account);

    /// @notice Reverts when the new pause admin address is the same as the
    ///         current pause admin address.
    error SamePauseAdmin();

    /// @notice Reverts if called by any account other than the pause admin
    ///         or the contract owner.
    modifier onlyPauseAdminOrOwner() {
        address msgSender = _msgSender();

        if (pauseAdmin != msgSender && owner() != msgSender) {
            revert PausableUnauthorizedAccount(msgSender);
        }
        _;
    }

    /// @notice Initializes the contract. MUST BE CALLED from the child
    ///         contract initializer.
    /// @param initialOwner Initial owner of the contract.
    /// @param initialPauseAdmin Initial emergency stop account that can trigger
    ///        the emergency stop mechanism.
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function __PausableOwnable_init(
        address initialOwner,
        address initialPauseAdmin
    ) internal onlyInitializing {
        __Pausable_init();
        __Ownable2Step_init();
        __Ownable_init(initialOwner);
        __PausableOwnable_init_unchained(initialPauseAdmin);
    }

    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function __PausableOwnable_init_unchained(
        address initialPauseAdmin
    ) internal onlyInitializing {
        pauseAdmin = initialPauseAdmin;
    }

    /// @notice Enables an emergency stop mechanism.
    /// @dev Requirements:
    ///      - The caller must be an authorized account to trigger pause.
    ///      - The contract must not be already paused.
    // solhint-disable-next-line ordering
    function pause() external onlyPauseAdminOrOwner {
        _pause();
    }

    /// @notice Turns off the emergency stop mechanism.
    /// @dev Requirements:
    ///      - The caller must be an authorized account to trigger unpause.
    ///      - The contract must be paused.
    function unpause() external onlyPauseAdminOrOwner {
        _unpause();
    }

    /// @notice Updates an authorized account that can trigger emergency stop
    ///         mechanism.
    /// @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
    /// @param newPauseAdmin New account that can trigger emergency
    ///        stop mechanism.
    function updatePauseAdmin(address newPauseAdmin) external onlyOwner {
        if (newPauseAdmin == address(0)) {
            revert ZeroAddress();
        }
        if (newPauseAdmin == pauseAdmin) {
            revert SamePauseAdmin();
        }

        emit PauseAdminUpdated(newPauseAdmin, pauseAdmin);

        pauseAdmin = newPauseAdmin;
    }
}

File 29 of 30 : stBTC.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
pragma solidity 0.8.24;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";

import "@thesis-co/solidity-contracts/contracts/token/IReceiveApproval.sol";

import "./PausableOwnable.sol";
import "./lib/ERC4626Fees.sol";
import "./interfaces/IDispatcher.sol";
import {ZeroAddress} from "./utils/Errors.sol";

/// @title stBTC
/// @notice This contract implements the ERC-4626 tokenized vault standard. By
///         staking tBTC, users acquire a liquid staking token called stBTC,
///         commonly referred to as "shares".
///         Users have the flexibility to redeem stBTC, enabling them to
///         withdraw their deposited tBTC along with the accrued yield.
/// @dev ERC-4626 is a standard to optimize and unify the technical parameters
///      of yield-bearing vaults. This contract facilitates the minting and
///      burning of shares (stBTC), which are represented as standard ERC20
///      tokens, providing a seamless exchange with tBTC tokens.
// slither-disable-next-line missing-inheritance
contract stBTC is ERC4626Fees, PausableOwnable {
    using SafeERC20 for IERC20;

    /// Dispatcher contract that routes tBTC from stBTC to a given allocation
    /// contract and back.
    IDispatcher public dispatcher;

    /// Address of the treasury wallet, where fees should be transferred to.
    address public treasury;

    /// Minimum amount for a single deposit operation. The value should be set
    /// low enough so the deposits routed through Bitcoin Depositor contract won't
    /// be rejected. It means that minimumDepositAmount should be lower than
    /// tBTC protocol's depositDustThreshold reduced by all the minting fees taken
    /// before depositing in the Acre contract.
    uint256 public minimumDepositAmount;

    /// Entry fee basis points applied to entry fee calculation.
    uint256 public entryFeeBasisPoints;

    /// Exit fee basis points applied to exit fee calculation.
    uint256 public exitFeeBasisPoints;

    /// Emitted when the treasury wallet address is updated.
    /// @param oldTreasury Address of the old treasury wallet.
    /// @param newTreasury Address of the new treasury wallet.
    event TreasuryUpdated(address oldTreasury, address newTreasury);

    /// Emitted when deposit parameters are updated.
    /// @param minimumDepositAmount New value of the minimum deposit amount.
    event MinimumDepositAmountUpdated(uint256 minimumDepositAmount);

    /// Emitted when the dispatcher contract is updated.
    /// @param oldDispatcher Address of the old dispatcher contract.
    /// @param newDispatcher Address of the new dispatcher contract.
    event DispatcherUpdated(address oldDispatcher, address newDispatcher);

    /// Emitted when the entry fee basis points are updated.
    /// @param entryFeeBasisPoints New value of the fee basis points.
    event EntryFeeBasisPointsUpdated(uint256 entryFeeBasisPoints);

    /// Emitted when the exit fee basis points are updated.
    /// @param exitFeeBasisPoints New value of the fee basis points.
    event ExitFeeBasisPointsUpdated(uint256 exitFeeBasisPoints);

    /// Reverts if the amount is less than the minimum deposit amount.
    /// @param amount Amount to check.
    /// @param min Minimum amount to check 'amount' against.
    error LessThanMinDeposit(uint256 amount, uint256 min);

    /// Reverts if the address is disallowed.
    error DisallowedAddress();

    /// Reverts if the fee basis points exceed the maximum value.
    error ExceedsMaxFeeBasisPoints();

    /// Reverts if the treasury address is the same.
    error SameTreasury();

    /// Reverts if the dispatcher address is the same.
    error SameDispatcher();

    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
    constructor() {
        _disableInitializers();
    }

    function initialize(IERC20 asset, address _treasury) public initializer {
        __ERC4626_init(asset);
        __ERC20_init("Acre Staked Bitcoin", "stBTC");
        __PausableOwnable_init(msg.sender, msg.sender);
        __ERC4626NonFungibleWithdrawals_init();

        if (address(_treasury) == address(0)) {
            revert ZeroAddress();
        }
        treasury = _treasury;

        minimumDepositAmount = 0.001 * 1e18; // 0.001 tBTC
        entryFeeBasisPoints = 0;
        exitFeeBasisPoints = 25; // 25 bps == 0.25%
    }

    /// @notice Updates treasury wallet address.
    /// @param newTreasury New treasury wallet address.
    function updateTreasury(address newTreasury) external onlyOwner {
        if (newTreasury == address(0)) {
            revert ZeroAddress();
        }
        if (newTreasury == address(this)) {
            revert DisallowedAddress();
        }
        if (newTreasury == treasury) {
            revert SameTreasury();
        }

        emit TreasuryUpdated(treasury, newTreasury);

        treasury = newTreasury;
    }

    /// @notice Updates minimum deposit amount.
    /// @param newMinimumDepositAmount New value of the minimum deposit amount. It
    ///        is the minimum amount for a single deposit operation.
    function updateMinimumDepositAmount(
        uint256 newMinimumDepositAmount
    ) external onlyOwner {
        minimumDepositAmount = newMinimumDepositAmount;

        emit MinimumDepositAmountUpdated(newMinimumDepositAmount);
    }

    /// @notice Updates the dispatcher contract and gives it an unlimited
    ///         allowance to transfer deposited tBTC.
    /// @param newDispatcher Address of the new dispatcher contract.
    function updateDispatcher(IDispatcher newDispatcher) external onlyOwner {
        if (address(newDispatcher) == address(0)) {
            revert ZeroAddress();
        }
        if (address(newDispatcher) == address(dispatcher)) {
            revert SameDispatcher();
        }

        address oldDispatcher = address(dispatcher);

        emit DispatcherUpdated(oldDispatcher, address(newDispatcher));
        dispatcher = newDispatcher;

        if (oldDispatcher != address(0)) {
            // Setting allowance to zero for the old dispatcher
            IERC20(asset()).forceApprove(oldDispatcher, 0);
        }

        // Setting allowance to max for the new dispatcher
        IERC20(asset()).forceApprove(address(dispatcher), type(uint256).max);
    }

    /// @notice Update the entry fee basis points.
    /// @param newEntryFeeBasisPoints New value of the fee basis points.
    function updateEntryFeeBasisPoints(
        uint256 newEntryFeeBasisPoints
    ) external onlyOwner {
        if (newEntryFeeBasisPoints > _BASIS_POINT_SCALE) {
            revert ExceedsMaxFeeBasisPoints();
        }
        entryFeeBasisPoints = newEntryFeeBasisPoints;

        emit EntryFeeBasisPointsUpdated(newEntryFeeBasisPoints);
    }

    /// @notice Update the exit fee basis points.
    /// @param newExitFeeBasisPoints New value of the fee basis points.
    function updateExitFeeBasisPoints(
        uint256 newExitFeeBasisPoints
    ) external onlyOwner {
        if (newExitFeeBasisPoints > _BASIS_POINT_SCALE) {
            revert ExceedsMaxFeeBasisPoints();
        }
        exitFeeBasisPoints = newExitFeeBasisPoints;

        emit ExitFeeBasisPointsUpdated(newExitFeeBasisPoints);
    }

    /// @notice Calls `receiveApproval` function on spender previously approving
    ///         the spender to withdraw from the caller multiple times, up to
    ///         the `value` amount. If this function is called again, it
    ///         overwrites the current allowance with `value`. Reverts if the
    ///         approval reverted or if `receiveApproval` call on the spender
    ///         reverted.
    /// @dev If the `value` is set to `type(uint256).max` then
    ///      `transferFrom` and `burnFrom` will not reduce an allowance.
    /// @param spender The address which will spend the funds.
    /// @param value The amount of tokens to be spent.
    /// @param extraData Additional data.
    /// @return True if both approval and `receiveApproval` calls succeeded.
    function approveAndCall(
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        bytes memory extraData
    ) external returns (bool) {
        if (approve(spender, value)) {
            IReceiveApproval(spender).receiveApproval(
                msg.sender,
                value,
                address(this),
                extraData
            );
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    /// @notice Disables non-fungible withdrawals.
    function disableNonFungibleWithdrawals() external onlyOwner {
        _disableNonFungibleWithdrawals();
    }

    /// @notice Mints shares to receiver by depositing exactly amount of
    ///         tBTC tokens.
    /// @dev Takes into account a deposit parameter, minimum deposit amount,
    ///      which determines the minimum amount for a single deposit operation.
    ///      The amount of the assets has to be pre-approved in the tBTC
    ///      contract.
    /// @param assets Approved amount of tBTC tokens to deposit. This includes
    ///               treasury fees for staking tBTC.
    /// @param receiver The address to which the shares will be minted.
    /// @return Minted shares adjusted for the fees taken by the treasury.
    function deposit(
        uint256 assets,
        address receiver
    ) public override returns (uint256) {
        if (assets < minimumDepositAmount) {
            revert LessThanMinDeposit(assets, minimumDepositAmount);
        }

        return super.deposit(assets, receiver);
    }

    /// @notice Mints shares to receiver by depositing tBTC tokens.
    /// @dev Takes into account a deposit parameter, minimum deposit amount,
    ///      which determines the minimum amount for a single deposit operation.
    ///      The amount of the assets has to be pre-approved in the tBTC
    ///      contract.
    ///      The msg.sender is required to grant approval for the transfer of a
    ///      certain amount of tBTC, and in addition, approval for the associated
    ///      fee. Specifically, the total amount to be approved (amountToApprove)
    ///      should be equal to the sum of the deposited amount and the fee.
    ///      To determine the total assets amount necessary for approval
    ///      corresponding to a given share amount, use the `previewMint` function.
    /// @param shares Amount of shares to mint.
    /// @param receiver The address to which the shares will be minted.
    /// @return assets Used assets to mint shares.
    function mint(
        uint256 shares,
        address receiver
    ) public override returns (uint256 assets) {
        if ((assets = super.mint(shares, receiver)) < minimumDepositAmount) {
            revert LessThanMinDeposit(assets, minimumDepositAmount);
        }
    }

    /// @notice Withdraws assets from the vault and transfers them to the
    ///         receiver.
    /// @dev Withdraw unallocated assets first and and if not enough, then pull
    ///      the assets from the dispatcher.
    /// @param assets Amount of assets to withdraw.
    /// @param receiver The address to which the assets will be transferred.
    /// @param owner The address of the owner of the shares.
    function withdraw(
        uint256 assets,
        address receiver,
        address owner
    ) public override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 currentAssetsBalance = IERC20(asset()).balanceOf(address(this));
        // If there is not enough assets in stBTC to cover user withdrawals and
        // withdrawal fees then pull the assets from the dispatcher.
        uint256 assetsWithFees = assets + _feeOnRaw(assets, exitFeeBasisPoints);
        if (assetsWithFees > currentAssetsBalance) {
            dispatcher.withdraw(assetsWithFees - currentAssetsBalance);
        }

        return super.withdraw(assets, receiver, owner);
    }

    /// @notice Redeems shares for assets and transfers them to the receiver.
    /// @dev Redeem unallocated assets first and and if not enough, then pull
    ///      the assets from the dispatcher.
    /// @param shares Amount of shares to redeem.
    /// @param receiver The address to which the assets will be transferred.
    /// @param owner The address of the owner of the shares.
    function redeem(
        uint256 shares,
        address receiver,
        address owner
    ) public override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 assets = convertToAssets(shares);
        uint256 currentAssetsBalance = IERC20(asset()).balanceOf(address(this));
        if (assets > currentAssetsBalance) {
            dispatcher.withdraw(assets - currentAssetsBalance);
        }

        return super.redeem(shares, receiver, owner);
    }

    /// @notice Returns the total amount of assets held by the vault across all
    ///         allocations and this contract.
    function totalAssets() public view override returns (uint256) {
        return
            IERC20(asset()).balanceOf(address(this)) + dispatcher.totalAssets();
    }

    /// @dev Returns the maximum amount of the underlying asset that can be
    ///      deposited into the Vault for the receiver, through a deposit call.
    ///      If the Vault is paused, returns 0.
    function maxDeposit(address) public view override returns (uint256) {
        if (paused()) {
            return 0;
        }
        return type(uint256).max;
    }

    /// @dev Returns the maximum amount of the Vault shares that can be minted
    ///      for the receiver, through a mint call.
    ///      If the Vault is paused, returns 0.
    function maxMint(address) public view override returns (uint256) {
        if (paused()) {
            return 0;
        }
        return type(uint256).max;
    }

    /// @dev Returns the maximum amount of the underlying asset that can be
    ///      withdrawn from the owner balance in the Vault, through a withdraw call.
    ///      If the Vault is paused, returns 0.
    function maxWithdraw(address owner) public view override returns (uint256) {
        if (paused()) {
            return 0;
        }
        return super.maxWithdraw(owner);
    }

    /// @dev Returns the maximum amount of Vault shares that can be redeemed from
    ///      the owner balance in the Vault, through a redeem call.
    ///      If the Vault is paused, returns 0.
    function maxRedeem(address owner) public view override returns (uint256) {
        if (paused()) {
            return 0;
        }
        return super.maxRedeem(owner);
    }

    /// @notice Returns the number of assets that corresponds to the amount of
    ///         shares held by the specified account.
    /// @dev    This function is used to convert shares to assets position for
    ///         the given account. It does not take fees into account.
    /// @param account The owner of the shares.
    /// @return The amount of assets.
    function assetsBalanceOf(address account) public view returns (uint256) {
        return convertToAssets(balanceOf(account));
    }

    /// @return Returns entry fee basis point used in deposits.
    function _entryFeeBasisPoints() internal view override returns (uint256) {
        return entryFeeBasisPoints;
    }

    /// @return Returns exit fee basis point used in withdrawals.
    function _exitFeeBasisPoints() internal view override returns (uint256) {
        return exitFeeBasisPoints;
    }

    /// @notice Returns the address of the treasury wallet, where fees should be
    ///         transferred to.
    function _feeRecipient() internal view override returns (address) {
        return treasury;
    }
}

File 30 of 30 : Errors.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only

pragma solidity 0.8.24;

/// @notice Reverts if a checked address is zero. Used by various contracts.
error ZeroAddress();

Settings
{
  "optimizer": {
    "enabled": true,
    "runs": 1000
  },
  "evmVersion": "paris",
  "outputSelection": {
    "*": {
      "*": [
        "evm.bytecode",
        "evm.deployedBytecode",
        "devdoc",
        "userdoc",
        "metadata",
        "abi"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metadata": {
    "useLiteralContent": true
  },
  "libraries": {}
}

Contract ABI

API
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BitcoinDepositor.DepositState","name":"actualState","type":"uint8"},{"internalType":"enum BitcoinDepositor.DepositState","name":"expectedState","type":"uint8"}],"name":"UnexpectedDepositState","type":"error"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"uint256","name":"depositKey","type":"uint256"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"caller","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"uint16","name":"referral","type":"uint16"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"initialAmount","type":"uint256"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"bridgedAmount","type":"uint256"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"depositorFee","type":"uint256"}],"name":"DepositFinalized","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"uint256","name":"depositKey","type":"uint256"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"caller","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"depositOwner","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"initialAmount","type":"uint256"}],"name":"DepositInitialized","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint64","name":"depositorFeeDivisor","type":"uint64"}],"name":"DepositorFeeDivisorUpdated","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint64","name":"version","type":"uint64"}],"name":"Initialized","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"minDepositAmount","type":"uint256"}],"name":"MinDepositAmountUpdated","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"previousOwner","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"newOwner","type":"address"}],"name":"OwnershipTransferStarted","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"previousOwner","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"newOwner","type":"address"}],"name":"OwnershipTransferred","type":"event"},{"inputs":[],"name":"SATOSHI_MULTIPLIER","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"acceptOwnership","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"bridge","outputs":[{"internalType":"contract IBridge","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"extraData","type":"bytes32"}],"name":"decodeExtraData","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"depositOwner","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint16","name":"referral","type":"uint16"}],"stateMutability":"pure","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"depositorFeeDivisor","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint64","name":"","type":"uint64"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"name":"deposits","outputs":[{"internalType":"enum BitcoinDepositor.DepositState","name":"","type":"uint8"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"depositOwner","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint16","name":"referral","type":"uint16"}],"name":"encodeExtraData","outputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"","type":"bytes32"}],"stateMutability":"pure","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"depositKey","type":"uint256"}],"name":"finalizeDeposit","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"bridge","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"tbtcVault","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"_tbtcToken","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"_stbtc","type":"address"}],"name":"initialize","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"components":[{"internalType":"bytes4","name":"version","type":"bytes4"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"inputVector","type":"bytes"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"outputVector","type":"bytes"},{"internalType":"bytes4","name":"locktime","type":"bytes4"}],"internalType":"struct IBridgeTypes.BitcoinTxInfo","name":"fundingTx","type":"tuple"},{"components":[{"internalType":"uint32","name":"fundingOutputIndex","type":"uint32"},{"internalType":"bytes8","name":"blindingFactor","type":"bytes8"},{"internalType":"bytes20","name":"walletPubKeyHash","type":"bytes20"},{"internalType":"bytes20","name":"refundPubKeyHash","type":"bytes20"},{"internalType":"bytes4","name":"refundLocktime","type":"bytes4"},{"internalType":"address","name":"vault","type":"address"}],"internalType":"struct IBridgeTypes.DepositRevealInfo","name":"reveal","type":"tuple"},{"internalType":"address","name":"depositOwner","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint16","name":"referral","type":"uint16"}],"name":"initializeDeposit","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"minDepositAmount","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"owner","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"pendingOwner","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"renounceOwnership","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"stbtc","outputs":[{"internalType":"contract stBTC","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"tbtcToken","outputs":[{"internalType":"contract IERC20","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"tbtcVault","outputs":[{"internalType":"contract ITBTCVault","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"newOwner","type":"address"}],"name":"transferOwnership","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint64","name":"newDepositorFeeDivisor","type":"uint64"}],"name":"updateDepositorFeeDivisor","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"newMinDepositAmount","type":"uint256"}],"name":"updateMinDepositAmount","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"}]

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A contract address hosts a smart contract, which is a set of code stored on the blockchain that runs when predetermined conditions are met. Learn more about addresses in our Knowledge Base.